IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES FROM SOYBEAN BY-PRODUCTS FOR AGRICULTURAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

The increasing generation of agro-industrial byproducts represents both an environmental burden and an underexploited reservoir of high-value biomolecules. Among these, protein-rich residues such as okara, derived from Glycine max processing, are particularly promising sources of bioactive peptides. Through sustainable and green extraction strategies, these matrices can be valorized into peptide fractions with diverse biological functions. Bioactive peptides obtained from food byproducts have demonstrated significant potential as natural agents for biological control, including antimicrobial, antifungal, and insecticidal activities, positioning them as viable alternatives to synthetic pesticides[1]. Additionally, these peptides may act as bioinhibitors, modulating enzymatic pathways or interfering with key physiological processes in target organisms. Beyond pest control, their multifunctional properties also support applications as biostimulants, antioxidants, and functional ingredients, contributing to plant growth promotion and stress resilience. In recent years, the advance in peptide characterization has opened new perspectives across multiple fields, from agriculture to biotechnology. Within the framework of the circular economy, this work focuses on the systematic investigation and functional characterization of peptide-rich extracts obtained from okara. Bioactive peptides were selected following in vitro screening assays to evaluate their biological activity, including inhibitory and bioactive effects. Subsequently, advanced mass spectrometry analysis enabled the precise identification of the peptides responsible for the observed activities. This integrated approach allowed not only the selection of the most promising candidates but also provided insights into their potential mechanisms of action, supporting their application as bioactive agents in agricultural and biotechnological contexts.