Provincial assessment of agricultural biomass residues for renewable energy in Italy

This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of agricultural biomass primary residues in Italy, focusing on their energy potential and contribution to the circular economy. Through a detailed provincial-level analysis, this study examines the availability of biomass residues from key crops such as wheat, corn, olives, and grapes, highlighting regional variations in residue production and energy potential. Italy's diverse agricultural landscape, coupled with its significant role in European biomass production, makes it a strategic case study for advancing renewable energy initiatives. By utilising data from the Italian National Institute of Statistics and applying residue-to-product ratios, this study quantifies the theoretical biomass availability and its energy potential across different regions. The findings emphasise the importance of provincial-level analysis for crafting region-specific energy policies and infrastructure, aligning with the broader goals of the European Green Deal. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on renewable energy by showcasing how underutilised agricultural residues can support Italy's transition to a more sustainable, low-carbon energy system.