Effect of lipopolysaccharides on plasminogen activator activity and lactoferrin mRNA expression in a bovine mammary epithelial cell line

Enterococcal isolates (n = 102) from various sources of bovine origin on 1 farm were characterized using pulsed field gel electrophoresis analysis of SmaI restriction patterns. Isolates originated from feed samples (n = 6), bedding samples (n = 15), and bovine quarter-milk samples (n = 81). Isolates collected from milk samples included those from high-somatic cell count cows (n = 42), postpartum milk samples (n = 16), and clinical mastitis samples (n = 23). Species evaluated included Enterococcus faecium (n = 68), Enterococcus casseliflavus (n = 29), and Enterococcus faecalis (n = 5). A total of 20 clusters representing 44 isolates were detected when a similarity cut-off level of 75% was applied to interpret the pulsed field gel electrophoresis results. Fifteen of the clusters contained only isolates from milk samples. Four clusters contained isolates from bedding and milk samples. One cluster contained only isolates from feed samples. Clusters comprised of a single species represented 17 of the 20 total clusters. These results suggest enterococci from bovine origin were genetically diverse, whereas a limited number of isolates from various sources appeared to cluster together.