Background: Acquired angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-AAE) is a rare disease with no prevalence data or approved therapies. Objective: To report data on patients with C1-INH-AAE followed at Angioedema Center, Milan (from 1976 to 2015). Methods: Diagnostic criteria included history of recurrent angioedema without wheals; decreased C1-INH antigen levels and/or functional activity of C1-INH and C4 antigen less than 50% of normal; late symptom onset (>40 years); no family history of angioedema and C1-INH deficiency. Results: In total, 77 patients (58% females; median age, 70 years) were diagnosed with C1-INH-AAE and 675 patients with hereditary angioedema due to C1-INH deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) (1 patient with C1-INH-AAE/8.8 patients with C1-INH-HAE). Median age at diagnosis was 64 years. Median time between symptom onset and diagnosis was 2 years. Sixteen patients (21%) died since diagnosis, including 1 because of laryngeal edema. Angioedema of the face was most common (N = 63 [82%]), followed by abdomen (N = 51 [66%]), peripheries (N = 50 [65%]), and oral mucosa and/or glottis (N = 42 [55%]). Forty-eight of 71 patients (68%) had autoantibodies to C1-INH. In total, 56 patients (70%) used on-demand treatment for angioedema including intravenous pdC1-INH 2000 U (Berinert, CSL Behring, Marburg, Germany) (N = 49) and/or subcutaneous icatibant 30 mg (Firazyr, Shire; Milano, Italy) (N = 27). Eventually, 8 of 49 patients receiving pdC1-INH became nonresponsive; all had autoantibodies. Thirty-four patients received long-term prophylaxis with tranexamic acid (effective in 29) and 20 with androgens (effective in 8). Conclusions: The incidence of C1-INH-AAE was 1 for every 8.8 patients with C1-INH-HAE. Thirty percent of the deaths were related to the disease. Treatments approved for C1-INH-HAE are effective in C1-INH-AAE, although with minimal differences.
Diagnosis, Course, and Management of Angioedema in Patients With Acquired C1-Inhibitor Deficiency / A. Zanichelli, G.M. Azin, M.A. Wu, C. Suffritti, L. Maggioni, S. Caccia, F. Perego, R. Vacchini, M. Cicardi. - In: JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE. - ISSN 2213-2198. - (2017). [Epub ahead of print]
Titolo: | Diagnosis, Course, and Management of Angioedema in Patients With Acquired C1-Inhibitor Deficiency |
Autori: | CICARDI, MARCO (Ultimo) |
Parole Chiave: | Acquired angioedema; C1-INH deficiency; Diagnosis; Prevalence; Treatment; Immunology and Allergy |
Settore Scientifico Disciplinare: | Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna Settore BIO/11 - Biologia Molecolare Settore BIO/12 - Biochimica Clinica e Biologia Molecolare Clinica |
Data di pubblicazione: | 2017 |
Rivista: | |
Tipologia: | Article (author) |
Data ahead of print / Data di stampa: | 8-mar-2017 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2016.12.032 |
Appare nelle tipologie: | 01 - Articolo su periodico |
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