Impact of photobioreactor design on microalgae-bacteria communities grown on wastewater: Differences between thin-layer cascade and thin-layer raceway ponds

Thin-layer (TL) photobioreactors (PBRs) are characterised by high productivity. However, their use is limited to lab/pilot-scale, and a deeper level of characterisation is needed to reach industrial scale and test the resistance of multiple microalgae. Here, the performance and composition of eight microalgal communities cultivated in the two main TLs design (thin-layer cascade (TLC) and thin-layer raceway pond (RW)) were investigated through Illumina sequencing. Chlorella vulgaris showed robustness in both designs and often acted as an "invasive" species. Inoculum and reactor type brought variability. Eukaryotic microalgae inocula led to a more robust and stable community (higher similarity), however, RWs were characterised by a higher variability and did not favour the eukaryotic microalgae. The only cyanobacterial inoculum, Nostoc piscinale, was maintained, however the community was variable between designs. The reactor design had an effect on the N cycle with the TLC and RW configurations, enhancing nitrification and denitrification respectively.