Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by beta-coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that has rapidly spread across the globe starting from February 2020. It is well established that during viral infection, extracellular vesicles become delivery/presenting vectors of viral material. However, studies regarding extracellular vesicle function in COVID-19 pathology are still scanty. Here, we performed a comparative study on exosomes recovered from the plasma of either MILD or SEVERE COVID-19 patients. We show that although both types of vesicles efficiently display SARS-CoV-2 spike-derived peptides and carry immunomodulatory molecules, only those of MILD patients are capable of efficiently regulating antigen-specific CD4+ T-cell responses. Accordingly, by mass spectrometry, we show that the proteome of exosomes of MILD patients correlates with a proper functioning of the immune system, while that of SEVERE patients is associated with increased and chronic inflammation. Overall, we show that exosomes recovered from the plasma of COVID-19 patients possess SARS-CoV-2-derived protein material, have an active role in enhancing the immune response, and possess a cargo that reflects the pathological state of patients in the acute phase of the disease.

Exosomes Recovered From the Plasma of COVID-19 Patients Expose SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Derived Fragments and Contribute to the Adaptive Immune Response / E. Pesce, N. Manfrini, C. Cordiglieri, S. Santi, A. Bandera, A. Gobbini, P. Gruarin, A. Favalli, M. Bombaci, A. Cuomo, F. Collino, G. Cricrì, R. Ungaro, A. Lombardi, D. Mangioni, A. Muscatello, S. Aliberti, F. Blasi, A. Gori, S. Abrignani, R. De Francesco, S. Biffo, R. Grifantini. - In: FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY. - ISSN 1664-3224. - 12:(2022 Jan 17), pp. 785941.1-785941.17. [10.3389/fimmu.2021.785941]

Exosomes Recovered From the Plasma of COVID-19 Patients Expose SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Derived Fragments and Contribute to the Adaptive Immune Response

E. Pesce;N. Manfrini;A. Bandera;F. Collino;G. Cricrì;A. Lombardi;D. Mangioni;S. Aliberti;F. Blasi;A. Gori;S. Abrignani;R. De Francesco;S. Biffo;
2022

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by beta-coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that has rapidly spread across the globe starting from February 2020. It is well established that during viral infection, extracellular vesicles become delivery/presenting vectors of viral material. However, studies regarding extracellular vesicle function in COVID-19 pathology are still scanty. Here, we performed a comparative study on exosomes recovered from the plasma of either MILD or SEVERE COVID-19 patients. We show that although both types of vesicles efficiently display SARS-CoV-2 spike-derived peptides and carry immunomodulatory molecules, only those of MILD patients are capable of efficiently regulating antigen-specific CD4+ T-cell responses. Accordingly, by mass spectrometry, we show that the proteome of exosomes of MILD patients correlates with a proper functioning of the immune system, while that of SEVERE patients is associated with increased and chronic inflammation. Overall, we show that exosomes recovered from the plasma of COVID-19 patients possess SARS-CoV-2-derived protein material, have an active role in enhancing the immune response, and possess a cargo that reflects the pathological state of patients in the acute phase of the disease.
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, exosomes, immune activation, antigen-presenting cells (APCs), soluble mediators in immunity;
Settore MED/10 - Malattie dell'Apparato Respiratorio
Settore MED/17 - Malattie Infettive
17-gen-2022
Article (author)
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/897412
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