A viable human lung cancer tissue collection (LCTC) to accelerate translational research

Background: The collection of clinical data and patient tumor specimens in institutional repositories is essential to accelerate translational research in lung cancer, linking laboratory findings with patient outcomes. These resources allow investigators to explore tumor heterogeneity, analyze therapeutic profiles and, more recently, generate patient-derived models of cancer. Given the plethora of therapies in clinical use or under investigation, it is critical to establish tissue collection programs that support the identification of predictive biomarkers of drug sensitivity to define patient subgroups that may benefit from tailored therapeutic strategies. However, access to high-quality viable specimens remains limited. Methods: We established a multidisciplinary program -the Lung Cancer Tissue Collection (LCTC) study- to prospectively collect viable human specimens and clinical data. Samples can be collected post-diagnosis and at multiple treatment time points, preserving material for future studies. Results: In the first 24 months of the LCTC study, we enrolled 158 patients and collected over 700 specimens from patients with lung cancer. EGFR and KRAS mutations were the most frequently identified oncogenic drivers, mirroring frequencies reported in public datasets. We achieved a 60 % success rate in cryopreservation -measured by the proportion of patient-derived organoids growing after tissue thawing and processing- highlighting the feasibility of our program. Conclusions: The LCTC biobank captures the molecular and clinical diversity of lung cancer, providing a clinically annotated resource of viable tissue and longitudinal blood specimens. This platform enables patient-derived modeling and multi-omic and functional studies to investigate tumor biology, treatment response, and resistance, supporting biomarker discovery and precision medicine.