Access to public employment is crucial within PNRR in terms of the overall renewal of the Italian PA. This article aims to contribute to the debate on access to public employment, first of all, by highlighting the problems that arise during public selections, through the findings of a questionnaire administered to municipalities, and, in the light of these problems, identify improvement through the reflections emerged from a Delphi analysis. Concerning the problems of the competitions, the article’s empirical analysis highlights how these are placed in three main areas: workforce planning (e.g., weakness in human resource planning; vagueness of job descriptions), the operational organization of competitions (e.g., lack of technical skills of the selectors; excessive number of participants) and the restrictiveness of legislation (fear of appeals and restrictive regulation). Considering these weaknesses, the objectives set by the PNRR cannot be pursued solely through punctual regulatory interventions to speed up the selection procedures, as has been done up to now. Based on the Delphi analysis, it emerges as decisive to act on the logic and practice of public selection. It would therefore be relevant not only to de-legislate the laws of the public competition, leaving the regulation of the selection systems to the municipalities, but also to move from the logic of single competitions to a logic of associated selections between municipalities, carried out through professionally adequate structures and third-party bodies aimed at analyzing the methodologies applied and their congruity concerning the issue of transparency and impartiality. Finally, it is crucial to direct the assessment in the selection stage more towards competencies than technical and professional skills and to organically link the selection processes to the post-selection training processes.
L’accesso al pubblico impiego è un punto cardine all’interno del PNRR in chiave di rinnovamento della PA italiana. Tuttavia, l’efficacia delle procedure concorsuali, soprattutto in paesi con una tradizione amministrativa legalistica come l’Italia, è spesso intaccata dall’eccessiva burocratizzazione delle stesse. Il presente articolo vuole analizzare quali sono le criticità principali relative all’accesso al pubblico impiego e le possibili strade di miglioramento, e in che misura gli obiettivi e le proposte attuative del PNRR su questo tema tengono conto di tali problematiche. Per rispondere a tali domande, l’articolo presenta i risultati di un’analisi empirica basata sui dati di un questionario somministrato agli enti locali e un’analisi Delphi con esperti della PA. Per quanto riguarda le problematiche dei concorsi, l’analisi evidenzia come queste si collochino in tre grandi aree: la programmazione del personale, l’organizzazione operativa dei concorsi e la rigidità della normativa di riferimento. I risultati dell’analisi Delphi fanno emergere come determinante agire sulle logiche e prassi della selezione pubblica. Sarebbe pertanto rilevante non solo delegificare la normativa concorsuale, ma anche passare dalla logica dei concorsi unici ad una logica di concorsi associati tra enti, svolti attraverso strutture professionalmente adeguate e organismi terzi volti ad analizzare le metodologie applicate e la loro congruità rispetto al tema della trasparenza e terzietà. Infine, risulta centrale orientare la valutazione in sede di selezione maggiormente alle competenze oltre che alle capacità tecniche e professionali e collegare in modo i processi di selezione ai processi formativi. Se dal punto di vista delle problematiche dei concorsi il PNRR dimostra chiara consapevolezza, tuttavia i suoi interventi di attuazione sembrano ricalcare la classica logica amministrativa orientata alla modifica del procedimento in ogni suo dettaglio tramite norme puntuali e tassative. Se da un lato questo potrà consentire l’immissione rapida di nuovo personale, dall’altro probabilmente non consentirà un’evoluzione della capacità amministrativa della PA italiana secondo gli stessi lungimiranti obiettivi iniziali declinati nel PNRR.
L’accesso pubblico nel PNRR: analisi delle problematiche dei concorsi pubblici e possibili linee di sviluppo future / G. Barbato, M. Ingaggiati, R. Ruffini, M. Turri. - In: AZIENDA PUBBLICA. - ISSN 1127-5812. - 2022:3(2022), pp. 213-228.
L’accesso pubblico nel PNRR: analisi delle problematiche dei concorsi pubblici e possibili linee di sviluppo future
G. BarbatoPrimo
;M. IngaggiatiSecondo
;R. RuffiniPenultimo
;M. TurriUltimo
2022
Abstract
Access to public employment is crucial within PNRR in terms of the overall renewal of the Italian PA. This article aims to contribute to the debate on access to public employment, first of all, by highlighting the problems that arise during public selections, through the findings of a questionnaire administered to municipalities, and, in the light of these problems, identify improvement through the reflections emerged from a Delphi analysis. Concerning the problems of the competitions, the article’s empirical analysis highlights how these are placed in three main areas: workforce planning (e.g., weakness in human resource planning; vagueness of job descriptions), the operational organization of competitions (e.g., lack of technical skills of the selectors; excessive number of participants) and the restrictiveness of legislation (fear of appeals and restrictive regulation). Considering these weaknesses, the objectives set by the PNRR cannot be pursued solely through punctual regulatory interventions to speed up the selection procedures, as has been done up to now. Based on the Delphi analysis, it emerges as decisive to act on the logic and practice of public selection. It would therefore be relevant not only to de-legislate the laws of the public competition, leaving the regulation of the selection systems to the municipalities, but also to move from the logic of single competitions to a logic of associated selections between municipalities, carried out through professionally adequate structures and third-party bodies aimed at analyzing the methodologies applied and their congruity concerning the issue of transparency and impartiality. Finally, it is crucial to direct the assessment in the selection stage more towards competencies than technical and professional skills and to organically link the selection processes to the post-selection training processes.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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