In peacekeeping operations, private companies are frequently and increasingly en-gaged by the United Nations to carry-out a wide-range of activities that can potentially impinge on human rights. This article deals with two recent cases of misconduct com-mitted by contractors whose activities, albeit not on the face of it involving the threat or (lethal or not-lethal) use of force, nonetheless caused harm to individuals. The first case-study relates to the mismanagement of sanitary waste, while the second case ad-dresses the (mis)use of unarmed surveillance drones. Against this backdrop, the article purports to assess whether, and under what conditions, wrongdoing committed by pri-vate contractors gives rise to the international responsibility of the United Nations. The study explores, firstly, the question of the ‘direct’ attribution of such conduct to the United Nations, based on the qualification of the contractors as agent of the Or-ganization, as understood in the Draft Articles on the Responsibility of International Organizations. It then analyzes the issue of the ‘indirect’ responsibility of the United Nations for failing to have sufficient oversight of the outsourced activities. In this re-spect, it highlights the crucial role played by internal accountability mechanisms, in particular the Office of Internal Oversight Services, in appraising the monitoring mea-sures taken by the Organization with regard to the practice of contractors and in rec-ommending remedial actions.
Misconduct Committed by (Civilian) Private Contractors in Peacekeeping Operations: The Direct and Indirect Responsibility of the United Nations / M. Buscemi. - In: JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL PEACEKEEPING. - ISSN 1875-4112. - 23:3-4(2020), pp. 176-202. [10.1163/18754112-02303004]
Misconduct Committed by (Civilian) Private Contractors in Peacekeeping Operations: The Direct and Indirect Responsibility of the United Nations
M. BuscemiPrimo
2020
Abstract
In peacekeeping operations, private companies are frequently and increasingly en-gaged by the United Nations to carry-out a wide-range of activities that can potentially impinge on human rights. This article deals with two recent cases of misconduct com-mitted by contractors whose activities, albeit not on the face of it involving the threat or (lethal or not-lethal) use of force, nonetheless caused harm to individuals. The first case-study relates to the mismanagement of sanitary waste, while the second case ad-dresses the (mis)use of unarmed surveillance drones. Against this backdrop, the article purports to assess whether, and under what conditions, wrongdoing committed by pri-vate contractors gives rise to the international responsibility of the United Nations. The study explores, firstly, the question of the ‘direct’ attribution of such conduct to the United Nations, based on the qualification of the contractors as agent of the Or-ganization, as understood in the Draft Articles on the Responsibility of International Organizations. It then analyzes the issue of the ‘indirect’ responsibility of the United Nations for failing to have sufficient oversight of the outsourced activities. In this re-spect, it highlights the crucial role played by internal accountability mechanisms, in particular the Office of Internal Oversight Services, in appraising the monitoring mea-sures taken by the Organization with regard to the practice of contractors and in rec-ommending remedial actions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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