The analysis of casein polymorphisms in goat species is rather difficult, because of a large number of mutations at each locus, and the tight linkage involving the 4 casein genes. Three goat breeds from Northern Italy, Orobica, Verzasca, and Frisa, were analyzed at the casein complex by milk isoelectrofocusing and analyses at the DNA level to identify the majority of all known polymorphisms. The casein gene structure of the 3 local breeds at αS1-casein (CSN1S1), β-casein (CSN2), αS2- casein (CSN1S2), and κ-casein (CSN3) was compared with that of Camosciata, a more widely distributed breed. A new allele was identified and characterized at CSN2 gene, which seemed to be specific to the Frisa breed. It was named CSN2*E, and was caracterized by a transversion TCT→TAT responsible for the amino acid exchange Ser166→Tyr166 in the mature protein. The casein haplotype structure is highly different among breeds. A total of 26 haplotypes showed a frequency higher than 0.01 in at least 1 of the 4 breeds considered,with 12, 3, 5, and 19 haplotypes in Frisa, Orobica, Verzasca, and Camosciata breeds, respectively. Only 13 haplotypes occurred at a frequency higher than 0.05 in at least 1 breed. With the molecular knowledge of each locus, the ancestral haplotype coding for CSN1S1*B, CSN2*A, CSN1S2*A, and CSN3*B protein variants can be postulated. A protein evolutionary model considering the whole casein haplotype is proposed.

Focusing on the Goat Casein Complex / A. Caroli, F. Chiatti, S. Chessa, D. Rignanese, P. Bolla, G. Pagnacco. - In: JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE. - ISSN 0022-0302. - 89:8(2006 Mar), pp. 3178-3187. [10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72592-9 ]

Focusing on the Goat Casein Complex

F. Chiatti
Secondo
;
S. Chessa;D. Rignanese;P. Bolla
Penultimo
;
G. Pagnacco
Ultimo
2006

Abstract

The analysis of casein polymorphisms in goat species is rather difficult, because of a large number of mutations at each locus, and the tight linkage involving the 4 casein genes. Three goat breeds from Northern Italy, Orobica, Verzasca, and Frisa, were analyzed at the casein complex by milk isoelectrofocusing and analyses at the DNA level to identify the majority of all known polymorphisms. The casein gene structure of the 3 local breeds at αS1-casein (CSN1S1), β-casein (CSN2), αS2- casein (CSN1S2), and κ-casein (CSN3) was compared with that of Camosciata, a more widely distributed breed. A new allele was identified and characterized at CSN2 gene, which seemed to be specific to the Frisa breed. It was named CSN2*E, and was caracterized by a transversion TCT→TAT responsible for the amino acid exchange Ser166→Tyr166 in the mature protein. The casein haplotype structure is highly different among breeds. A total of 26 haplotypes showed a frequency higher than 0.01 in at least 1 of the 4 breeds considered,with 12, 3, 5, and 19 haplotypes in Frisa, Orobica, Verzasca, and Camosciata breeds, respectively. Only 13 haplotypes occurred at a frequency higher than 0.05 in at least 1 breed. With the molecular knowledge of each locus, the ancestral haplotype coding for CSN1S1*B, CSN2*A, CSN1S2*A, and CSN3*B protein variants can be postulated. A protein evolutionary model considering the whole casein haplotype is proposed.
Casein genotype; Goat; Proteome; Variability
Settore AGR/17 - Zootecnica Generale e Miglioramento Genetico
mar-2006
Article (author)
File in questo prodotto:
Non ci sono file associati a questo prodotto.
Pubblicazioni consigliate

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/26695
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? 10
  • Scopus 90
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 82
social impact