Self -Regulation , Regulation e “contro-regolamentazione” : Le nuove tendenze: diritto, diritti e intelligenza artificiale

The contribution provides a comparative overview of the global approaches towards AI regulation. Relying on domestic and supranational responses, the article argues that at least four different approaches are emerging: hard law regulation, as symbolically embraced by the EU AI Act; the AI contra-regulation, which opts for the lack of legislative regulation in the context of AI, now endorsed by the United States; the new phenomenon of the AI-counter governance, that opposes non-participatory strategies in the governance of AI, as in Canada; the preference for principles-based approaches (e.g. the United Kingdom), where legislators refrain from detailed and strict regulations, confining their role to settling guiding principles and criteria of AI use and implementation. The article does not omit to consider the role of international organizations, following the leading role of the Council of Europe and its Framework Convention on artificial intelligence, human rights, democracy, and the rule of law. Ultimately, the article discusses the highly fragmented reality of AI, human rights, and the law, showing the lack of homogeneous approaches both in terms of approaches and content.