The article outlines the innovative role of Baldo Rossi, head surgeon at the Ospedale Maggiore in Milan, in WWI, starting from the pre-war Milanese healthcare context and following its transformations during the conflict. Rossi was especially interested in the wounded cavities (skull, chest, and abdomen). Abdominal wounds at the beginning of the war were not operated on, due to the extremely high mortality rate. The surgeons divided into abstentionists and interventionists. Rossi, believing that it was an organizational problem, conceived, built and directed the Mobile Surgical Hospitals of the Milanese Red Cross, real surgical clinics transported on trucks, to be installed close to the frontline. Based on his idea, the Military Medical Service created seven similar Army Surgical Ambulances. The results improved enormously, reaching a 38% survival among operated on abdominal patients, with a dragging effect on other field hospitals and important repercussions on peace surgery. The mobile units were one of the most interesting medical innovations of the war.
L’articolo delinea il ruolo innovatore di Baldo Rossi, primario dell’Ospedale Maggiore di Milano, nella grande guerra, partendo dal contesto sanitario milanese prebellico e seguendone le trasformazioni durante il conflitto. Rossi si interessò soprattutto ai feriti cavitari (cranio, torace, addome). Gli addominali a inizio guerra non venivano operati per la mortalità troppo elevata. I chirurghi si divisero in astensionisti e interventisti. Rossi, convinto che si trattasse di un problema organizzativo, ideò, realizzò e diresse gli Ospedali Chirurgici Mobili della Croce Rossa milanese, vere cliniche chirurgiche trasportate su camion, da installare nelle immediate retrovie. Sulla sua idea la Sanità Militare realizzò sette analoghe Ambulanze Chirurgiche d’Armata. I risultati migliorarono enormemente raggiungendo una sopravvivenza del 38%, negli addominali operati, con effetto trascinante sugli altri ospedali da campo e importanti ricadute sulla chirurgia di pace. Le unità mobili furono una delle novità sanitarie più interessanti della guerra.
Chirurghi in grigioverde. Baldo Rossi, lo Zonda e gli ospedali chirurgici mobili nella Grande guerra / C. Vergani. - In: STORIA IN LOMBARDIA. - ISSN 1828-2008. - 42:2(2022), pp. 84-108. [10.3280/sil2022-002004]
Chirurghi in grigioverde. Baldo Rossi, lo Zonda e gli ospedali chirurgici mobili nella Grande guerra
C. Vergani
Primo
2022
Abstract
The article outlines the innovative role of Baldo Rossi, head surgeon at the Ospedale Maggiore in Milan, in WWI, starting from the pre-war Milanese healthcare context and following its transformations during the conflict. Rossi was especially interested in the wounded cavities (skull, chest, and abdomen). Abdominal wounds at the beginning of the war were not operated on, due to the extremely high mortality rate. The surgeons divided into abstentionists and interventionists. Rossi, believing that it was an organizational problem, conceived, built and directed the Mobile Surgical Hospitals of the Milanese Red Cross, real surgical clinics transported on trucks, to be installed close to the frontline. Based on his idea, the Military Medical Service created seven similar Army Surgical Ambulances. The results improved enormously, reaching a 38% survival among operated on abdominal patients, with a dragging effect on other field hospitals and important repercussions on peace surgery. The mobile units were one of the most interesting medical innovations of the war.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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