Specific Physical Exercises Adapt to Patients with Obesity or with Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2)

Physical inactivity, sedentarism, and obesity were always considered pandemics and are associated with poor quality of life and increased risks for chronic conditions. Quite the opposite, physical activity is advocated as a cornerstone in the prevention and cure of a variety of inflammatory chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. While favorable exercise effects on immune functions and metabolism are well established, system responses are dependent on several factors (type, intensity, and duration of exercise) which should be cautiously orchestrated. In this chapter, exercise training protocols in the context of weight loss and glucose homeostasis are examined. The ultimate end would be to furnish evidence and guidance for all these patients suffering from dysmetabolic conditions.