Context. High-spatial resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) data have revealed a plethora of substruc- tures in protoplanetary disks. Some of those features are thought to trace the formation of embedded planets. One example is the gas and dust that accumulated in the co-orbital Lagrangian regions L4/L5, which were tentatively detected in recent years and might be the pristine material for the formation of Trojan bodies. Aims. This work is part of the TROY project, whose ultimate goal is to find robust evidence of exotrojan bodies and study their implications in the exoplanet field. Here, we focus on the early stages of the formation of these bodies by inspecting the iconic system PDS 70, the only confirmed planetary system in formation. Methods. We reanalyzed archival high-angular resolution Band 7 ALMA observations from PDS 70 by doing an independent imaging process to look for emission in the Lagrangian regions of the two detected gas giant protoplanets, PDS 70 b and c. We then projected the orbital paths and visually inspected emission features at the regions around the L4/L5 locations as defined by ±60◦ in azimuth from the planet position. Results. We found emission at a ∼4-σ level (∼6-σ when correcting from a cleaning effect) at the position of the L5 region of PDS 70 b. This emission corresponds to a dust mass in a range of 0.03–2 MMoon, which potentially accumulated in this gravitational well. Conclusions. The tentative detection of the co-orbital dust trap that we report requires additional observations to be confirmed. We predict that we could detect the co-orbital motion of PDS 70 b and the dust presumably associated with L5 by observing again with the same sensitivity and angular resolution as early as February 2026

Tentative co-orbital submillimeter emission within the Lagrangian region L5 of the protoplanet PDS 70 b / O. Balsalobre-Ruza, I. de Gregorio-Monsalvo, J. Lillo-Box, N. Huélamo, Á. Ribas, M. Benisty, J. Bae, S. Facchini, R. Teague. - In: ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS. - ISSN 0004-6361. - 675:(2023), pp. A172.1-A172.8. [10.1051/0004-6361/202346493]

Tentative co-orbital submillimeter emission within the Lagrangian region L5 of the protoplanet PDS 70 b

S. Facchini
Penultimo
;
2023

Abstract

Context. High-spatial resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) data have revealed a plethora of substruc- tures in protoplanetary disks. Some of those features are thought to trace the formation of embedded planets. One example is the gas and dust that accumulated in the co-orbital Lagrangian regions L4/L5, which were tentatively detected in recent years and might be the pristine material for the formation of Trojan bodies. Aims. This work is part of the TROY project, whose ultimate goal is to find robust evidence of exotrojan bodies and study their implications in the exoplanet field. Here, we focus on the early stages of the formation of these bodies by inspecting the iconic system PDS 70, the only confirmed planetary system in formation. Methods. We reanalyzed archival high-angular resolution Band 7 ALMA observations from PDS 70 by doing an independent imaging process to look for emission in the Lagrangian regions of the two detected gas giant protoplanets, PDS 70 b and c. We then projected the orbital paths and visually inspected emission features at the regions around the L4/L5 locations as defined by ±60◦ in azimuth from the planet position. Results. We found emission at a ∼4-σ level (∼6-σ when correcting from a cleaning effect) at the position of the L5 region of PDS 70 b. This emission corresponds to a dust mass in a range of 0.03–2 MMoon, which potentially accumulated in this gravitational well. Conclusions. The tentative detection of the co-orbital dust trap that we report requires additional observations to be confirmed. We predict that we could detect the co-orbital motion of PDS 70 b and the dust presumably associated with L5 by observing again with the same sensitivity and angular resolution as early as February 2026
techniques: interferometric; planet-disk interactions; stars: early-type; planets and satellites: detection; planets and satellites: formation; protoplanetary disks
Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica
   Unveiling the infancy of planetary systems (UNVEIL)
   UNVEIL
   EUROPEAN COMMISSION
   101076613

   Dust and gas in planet forming discs (DUSTBUSTER)
   DUSTBUSTER
   EUROPEAN COMMISSION
   H2020
   823823

   Junior Leader la Caixa Postdoctoral Fellowship Programme: Shaping the new generation of leaders in research
   JUNIOR LEADER
   European Commission
   Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
   847648

   Establishing a global observational view of the early stages of planet formation and evolution
   PROTOPLANETS
   European Commission
   Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
   101002188
2023
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/988168
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