The Energy Transition and the Use of EU Funds in the Spanish and Italian Legal Systems

For decades, the EU has played a central role as policymaker in environmental protection. In particular, its role has become important in the climate agenda. Through the combined disposal of the Climate Pact and the European Green Deal, it is possible to identify the main components of the EU’s climate change policy. These changes mainly depend on the energy transition, a path that aims to lead EU members to zero-carbon global energy. The first aim of this work is to analyse the interpretation and functions of legal certainty of the acts cited, and whether they are a constitutional principle of EU law. Secondarily, we analyse the impact of these principles on the domestic legal framework of the Member States, in particular the impact they are producing in Spain and Italy. In conclusion, the work refers to the principle of legal certainty, which can anchor these evolving and sometimes turbulent legal developments, and reconcile the conflicting roles of law required by the energy transition, on the one hand, and investment certainty, on the other.