Are the genes CA6, TAS2R38, TCF7L2, FTO, TAS1R2, TAS1R3, GNAT3 receptor polymorphisms involved on exceptional longevity and risk of sarcopenia? A cross sectional study in Italian aging population

Perna S. (2020). Are the genes CA6, TAS2R38, TCF7L2, FTO, TAS1R2, TAS1R3, GNAT3 receptor polymorphisms involved on exceptional longevity and risk of sarcopenia? A cross sectional study in Italian aging population.-Genetika, Vol 52, No.1, 177-186. This study hypothesized that genetic polymorphisms of different genes could modulate the lifespan and muscle health or sarcopenia. We investigated the possible associations between longevity and the common genetic variation polymorphism such as rs713598, rs7903146, rs9939609, rs35874116, rs2274333, rs7792845, rs35744813 in a population of 360 Italian elderly aged 65-100 years. The polymorphism rs9939609, of the FTO gene, shows an association (p< 0.001) with longevity. In particular, the frequency of T/T homozygotes increases gradually from 35% in subjects aged 65-80 ys up to 80% in centenarians. The polymorphism of rs2274333 (CA6) gene shows that A/G frequency increases continuously through older classes reaching the 80% in (95-100) (p trend <0.05). Another important founding regards the polymorphism of rs35744813 of TAS1R3 gene. The C/C genotype frequency is over 80% in all classes (65-95 years) but appears increase in oldest old and reach 100% (95-100 ys). While T allele frequency decrease continuously through older classes reaching the 0% in T/T and 5% in C/T in (95-100) (p-trend <0.05). These data provide suggestive evidence on the possible correlation between longevity and FTO gene (obesity related), CA6 gene (the gustin-bitter taste related) and TAS1R3 (umami taste stimulus related). None associations with sarcopenia were detected.