Plasma kinetics of essential amino acids following their ingestion as free formula or as dietary protein components

This investigation compares the levels of plasma kinetics of plasma essential amino acids (EAAs) after ingestion as free-form EAAs (FEAAs) or EAAs as components of dietary protein (DPEAAs), in eighteen healthy individuals, nine elderly (85 ± 6.7 years; 4 male) and nine young (28.7 ± 7 years; 3 males). For two consecutive days, each subject ingested EAAs in the form of (FEAAs) or (DPEAAs) in a random alternate pattern. Five minutes before EAA ingestion (baseline) and 30, 60, 90, 150 and 270 min after, venous blood samples were taken to determine the concentrations of EAAS (micromol/L). In both groups, ingested FEAAs compared to DPEAAs led to faster increase in plasma EAA levels at 30–150 min (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the increased plasma EAAs disappeared faster after FEAA compared to DPEAA. These results may be important in those subjects who have high requirement both for EAAs substrates and anabolic efficiency.