Background: Spontaneous liver bleeding (SLB) is a rare but potentially fatal complication. In contrast to the East, various benign pathologies are the source of SLB in the West. An accurate diagnosis and a timely implementation of appropriate treatment are crucial in the management of these patients. The present study presents a large Western experience of SLB from a specialist liver centre. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients presented with SLB between January 1995 and January 2011. Results: Sixty-seven patients had SLB, 44 (66%) were female and the median age at presentation was 47 years. Abrupt onset upper abdominal pain was the presenting symptom in 65 (97%) patients. The aetiology for SLB was hepatic adenoma in 27 (40%), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 17 (25%) and various other liver pathologies in the rest. Emergency treatment included a conservative approach in 42 (64%), DSA and embolization in 6 (9%), a laparotomy and packing in 6 (9%) and a liver resection in 11 (16%) patients. Eleven (16%) patients had further planned treatments. Seven (10%) died during the same admission but the mortality was highest in patients with HELLP syndrome. At a median follow-up of 54 months all patients with benign disease are alive. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival of patients with HCC was 59%, 35% and17%, respectively. Conclusion: SLB is a life-threatening complication of various underlying conditions and may represent their first manifestation. The management should include initial haemostasis followed by appropriate staging investigations to provide a definitive treatment for each individual patient.
Aetio-pathogenesis and the management of spontaneous liver bleeding in the West: A 16-year single-centre experience / N. Battula, D. Tsapralis, A. Takhar, C. Coldham, D. Mayer, J. Isaac, P. Muiesan, R.P. Sutcliffe, R. Marudanayagam, D.F. Mirza, S.R. Bramhall. - In: HPB SURGERY. - ISSN 1607-8462. - 14:6(2012), pp. 382-389. [10.1111/j.1477-2574.2012.00460.x]
Aetio-pathogenesis and the management of spontaneous liver bleeding in the West: A 16-year single-centre experience
P. Muiesan;
2012
Abstract
Background: Spontaneous liver bleeding (SLB) is a rare but potentially fatal complication. In contrast to the East, various benign pathologies are the source of SLB in the West. An accurate diagnosis and a timely implementation of appropriate treatment are crucial in the management of these patients. The present study presents a large Western experience of SLB from a specialist liver centre. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients presented with SLB between January 1995 and January 2011. Results: Sixty-seven patients had SLB, 44 (66%) were female and the median age at presentation was 47 years. Abrupt onset upper abdominal pain was the presenting symptom in 65 (97%) patients. The aetiology for SLB was hepatic adenoma in 27 (40%), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 17 (25%) and various other liver pathologies in the rest. Emergency treatment included a conservative approach in 42 (64%), DSA and embolization in 6 (9%), a laparotomy and packing in 6 (9%) and a liver resection in 11 (16%) patients. Eleven (16%) patients had further planned treatments. Seven (10%) died during the same admission but the mortality was highest in patients with HELLP syndrome. At a median follow-up of 54 months all patients with benign disease are alive. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival of patients with HCC was 59%, 35% and17%, respectively. Conclusion: SLB is a life-threatening complication of various underlying conditions and may represent their first manifestation. The management should include initial haemostasis followed by appropriate staging investigations to provide a definitive treatment for each individual patient.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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