Intervento pubblico e finanza sostenibile per la transizione ecologica = Towards the ecological transition: State measures and sustainable finance

Through the Communication regarding the European Green Deal and the “Fit for 55” package the Commission launched a complex decarbonisation strategy partially under attack by the Ukrainian war and the energy crisis. In this context the paper analyses, on the one side, the necessary tools to achieve the objectives towards climate neutrality such as investments in eco-sustainable business and the availability of public funds addressed to mitigate social costs of industrial conversion. On the other side, it recalls the interaction between digital and ecological transitions. Moreover, the paper focuses how the ecological transition needs not only to innovate markets deeply but also consumers’ preferences and investment behaviour. In particular, with regard to the choices of individuals in case of sustainable investments, one of the fundamental elements is trust. Trust can only be guaranteed by counteracting greenwashing phenomena and paying attention to the information criticalities generated by social media. All in all, regarding the new market regime, the Commission makes recourse to instruments to plan and steer economic activities in the name of the main interest of the transition.