Breast density (BD) and breast arterial calcifications (BAC) can expand the role of mammography. In premenopause, BD is related to body fat composition: breast adipose tissue and total volume are potential indicators of fat storage in visceral depots, associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Women with fatty breast have an increased likelihood of hypercholesterolemia. Women without cardiometabolic diseases with higher BD have a lower risk of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chest pain, and peripheral vascular disease, while those with lower BD are at increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. BAC, the expression of Monckeberg sclerosis, are associated with CVD risk. Their prevalence, 13 % overall, rises after menopause and is reduced in women aged over 65 receiving hormonal replacement therapy. Due to their distinct pathogenesis, BAC are associated with hypertension but not with other cardiovascular risk factors. Women with BAC have an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and CVD death; furthermore, moderate to severe BAC load is associated with coronary artery disease. The clinical use of BAC assessment is limited by their time-consuming manual/visual quantification, an issue possibly solved by artificial intelligence-based approaches addressing BAC complex topology as well as their large spectrum of extent and x-ray attenuations. A link between BD, BAC, and osteoporosis has been reported, but data are still inconclusive. Systematic, standardised reporting of BD and BAC should be encouraged.

Mammography biomarkers of cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health: A review / V. Magni, D. Capra, A. Cozzi, C.B. Monti, N. Mobini, A. Colarieti, F. Sardanelli. - In: MATURITAS. - ISSN 0378-5122. - 167:(2023), pp. 75-81. [10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.10.001]

Mammography biomarkers of cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health: A review

V. Magni
Primo
;
D. Capra
Secondo
;
A. Cozzi
;
C.B. Monti;N. Mobini;F. Sardanelli
Ultimo
2023

Abstract

Breast density (BD) and breast arterial calcifications (BAC) can expand the role of mammography. In premenopause, BD is related to body fat composition: breast adipose tissue and total volume are potential indicators of fat storage in visceral depots, associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Women with fatty breast have an increased likelihood of hypercholesterolemia. Women without cardiometabolic diseases with higher BD have a lower risk of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chest pain, and peripheral vascular disease, while those with lower BD are at increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. BAC, the expression of Monckeberg sclerosis, are associated with CVD risk. Their prevalence, 13 % overall, rises after menopause and is reduced in women aged over 65 receiving hormonal replacement therapy. Due to their distinct pathogenesis, BAC are associated with hypertension but not with other cardiovascular risk factors. Women with BAC have an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and CVD death; furthermore, moderate to severe BAC load is associated with coronary artery disease. The clinical use of BAC assessment is limited by their time-consuming manual/visual quantification, an issue possibly solved by artificial intelligence-based approaches addressing BAC complex topology as well as their large spectrum of extent and x-ray attenuations. A link between BD, BAC, and osteoporosis has been reported, but data are still inconclusive. Systematic, standardised reporting of BD and BAC should be encouraged.
Biomarkers; Breast density; Cardiovascular diseases; Mammography; Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis
Settore MED/36 - Diagnostica per Immagini e Radioterapia
2023
20-ott-2022
Article (author)
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/949663
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