Reconstruction of a missing or insufficient distal fibula in the setting of a total ankle replacement: The Milanese technique

Background: The presence of an intact distal fibula is reported as a prerequisite when considering total ankle replacement and its lack is usually considered a contraindication. The purpose of the study was to describe the results of a surgical technique to reconstruct the distal fibula (Milanese fibular reconstruction technique) in the setting of a total ankle replacement and insufficient fibula. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 15 patients (15 ankles) who underwent rotational fibular reconstruction technique with minimum follow-up of 24 months. Patients were evaluated preoperatively and at the last follow-up with AOFAS Ankle and Hindfoot score, VAS pain scale, SF-12 and range of motion. Standard weightbearing radiographs were used for radiographic assessment. Results: The average of all clinical scores significantly improved (P < .001). The average radiographic parameters showed a neutral alignment. No cases of reabsorption of the new lateral malleolus were observed even in cases with complications that accounted for 2 superficial wound infection and 2 deep infections. Conclusions: The Milanese fibular reconstruction technique can successfully reestablish a lateral strut and in the setting of an ankle prosthesis in patients with an insufficient fibula. (c) 2021 European Foot and Ankle Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.