Conversion rates in robotic thyroid surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

OBJECTIVE To define the conversion risk to open procedure during robot-assisted thyroid surgery (RATS) identifying potential specific subclasses of procedures or accesses at higher conversion risk. METHODS In a PRISMA–compliant framework, all original prospective studies providing RATS conversion rates from multiple databases were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis. Conversion rates were compared between different typologies of thyroid surgery and robotic access. RESULTS Thirteen studies were deemed eligible. Four conversions from two studies were reported out of 398 procedures. No significant heterogeneity was observed (Cochran’s Q p = .932; I2 = 0%). The pooled conversion rate was 1% (95% confidence interval, 0.1%–2%). The ANOVA-Q test failed to show significant differences when comparing type of thyroid surgery or robotic access (respectively p=0.766 and p=0.457). CONCLUSION While the conversion rate appears consistently low across studies, prospective data collection and systematic reporting of procedural complications are required for framing high-risk procedures and accesses.