Introduction: Functional motor disorders (FMDs) are usually categorized according to the predominant phenomenology; however, it is unclear whether this phenotypic classification mirrors the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. Objective: To compare the characteristics of patients with different FMDs phenotypes and without co-morbid neurological disorders, aiming to answer the question of whether they represent different expressions of the same disorder or reflect distinct entities. Methods: Consecutive outpatients with a clinically definite diagnosis of FMDs were included in the Italian registry of functional motor disorders (IRFMD), a multicenter data collection platform gathering several clinical and demographic variables. To the aim of the current work, data of patients with isolated FMDs were extracted. Results: A total of 176 patients were included: 58 with weakness, 40 with tremor, 38 with dystonia, 23 with jerks/facial FMDs, and 17 with gait disorders. Patients with tremor and gait disorders were older than the others. Patients with functional weakness had more commonly an acute onset (87.9%) than patients with tremor and gait disorders, a shorter time lag from symptoms onset and FMDs diagnosis (2.9 ± 3.5 years) than patients with dystonia, and had more frequently associated functional sensory symptoms (51.7%) than patients with tremor, dystonia and gait disorders. Patients with dystonia complained more often of associated pain (47.4%) than patients with tremor. No other differences were noted between groups in terms of other variables including associated functional neurological symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities, and predisposing or precipitating factors. Conclusions: Our data support the evidence of a large overlap between FMD phenotypes.
Functional motor phenotypes: to lump or to split? / M. Tinazzi, C. Geroin, E. Marcuzzo, S. Cuoco, R. Ceravolo, S. Mazzucchi, A. Pilotto, A. Padovani, L.M. Romito, R. Eleopra, M. Zappia, A. Nicoletti, C. Dallocchio, C. Arbasino, F. Bono, G. Magro, B. Demartini, O. Gambini, N. Modugno, E. Olivola, L. Bonanni, E. Zanolin, A. Albanese, G. Ferrazzano, R. De Micco, L. Lopiano, G. Calandra-Buonaura, M. Petracca, M. Esposito, A. Pisani, P. Manganotti, L. Tesolin, F. Teatini, T. Ercoli, F. Morgante, R. Erro. - In: JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY. - ISSN 0340-5354. - 268:12(2021), pp. 4737-4743. [10.1007/s00415-021-10583-w]
Functional motor phenotypes: to lump or to split?
B. Demartini;O. Gambini;
2021
Abstract
Introduction: Functional motor disorders (FMDs) are usually categorized according to the predominant phenomenology; however, it is unclear whether this phenotypic classification mirrors the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. Objective: To compare the characteristics of patients with different FMDs phenotypes and without co-morbid neurological disorders, aiming to answer the question of whether they represent different expressions of the same disorder or reflect distinct entities. Methods: Consecutive outpatients with a clinically definite diagnosis of FMDs were included in the Italian registry of functional motor disorders (IRFMD), a multicenter data collection platform gathering several clinical and demographic variables. To the aim of the current work, data of patients with isolated FMDs were extracted. Results: A total of 176 patients were included: 58 with weakness, 40 with tremor, 38 with dystonia, 23 with jerks/facial FMDs, and 17 with gait disorders. Patients with tremor and gait disorders were older than the others. Patients with functional weakness had more commonly an acute onset (87.9%) than patients with tremor and gait disorders, a shorter time lag from symptoms onset and FMDs diagnosis (2.9 ± 3.5 years) than patients with dystonia, and had more frequently associated functional sensory symptoms (51.7%) than patients with tremor, dystonia and gait disorders. Patients with dystonia complained more often of associated pain (47.4%) than patients with tremor. No other differences were noted between groups in terms of other variables including associated functional neurological symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities, and predisposing or precipitating factors. Conclusions: Our data support the evidence of a large overlap between FMD phenotypes.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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