Purpose: Intranasal cocaine is known to potentially lead to midline destructive lesions. The present systematic review was undertaken to systematically define the localization of cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions and their prevalence and to propose a practical classification of these lesions. Methods: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review was performed in multiple databases with criteria designed to include all studies published until March 2021 providing a precise definition of cocaine-induced midline lesions in humans. We selected all original studies except case reports. After duplicate removal, abstract and full-text selection, and quality assessment, we reviewed eligible articles for lesion localization, patients' demographics, exposure to cocaine, and relationship with external nose destruction. Results: Among 2593 unique citations, 17 studies were deemed eligible (127 patients). All studies were retrospective case series. The destructive process determined a septal perforation in 99.2% of patients. The distribution prevalence decreased from the inferior third of the sinonasal complex (nasal floor and inferolateral nasal wall, respectively, 59% and 29.9% of patients) to the middle third (middle turbinate and ethmoid, 22.8% of patients), and ultimately to neurocranial structures (7.9% of patients). Nasal deformities were inconsistently reported across reviewed studies. Cocaine use duration, frequency, and status were reported only occasionally. Conclusion: Based on the distribution prevalence observed, we propose a four-grade destruction location-based classification. Future prospective studies following the evolution of cocaine-induced lesions are needed to validate our classification, its relationship with lesion evolution, and whether it represents a reliable tool for homogeneous research results reporting.

Distribution of cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions: systematic review and classification / L. Nitro, G.C. Pipolo, G. Luca Fadda, F. Allevi, M. Borgione, G. Cavallo, G. Felisati, A.M. Saibene. - In: EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY. - ISSN 0937-4477. - 279:7(2022 Jul), pp. 3257-3267. [10.1007/s00405-022-07290-1]

Distribution of cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions: systematic review and classification

L. Nitro
Primo
;
G.C. Pipolo
Secondo
;
F. Allevi;G. Felisati
Penultimo
;
A.M. Saibene
Ultimo
2022

Abstract

Purpose: Intranasal cocaine is known to potentially lead to midline destructive lesions. The present systematic review was undertaken to systematically define the localization of cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions and their prevalence and to propose a practical classification of these lesions. Methods: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review was performed in multiple databases with criteria designed to include all studies published until March 2021 providing a precise definition of cocaine-induced midline lesions in humans. We selected all original studies except case reports. After duplicate removal, abstract and full-text selection, and quality assessment, we reviewed eligible articles for lesion localization, patients' demographics, exposure to cocaine, and relationship with external nose destruction. Results: Among 2593 unique citations, 17 studies were deemed eligible (127 patients). All studies were retrospective case series. The destructive process determined a septal perforation in 99.2% of patients. The distribution prevalence decreased from the inferior third of the sinonasal complex (nasal floor and inferolateral nasal wall, respectively, 59% and 29.9% of patients) to the middle third (middle turbinate and ethmoid, 22.8% of patients), and ultimately to neurocranial structures (7.9% of patients). Nasal deformities were inconsistently reported across reviewed studies. Cocaine use duration, frequency, and status were reported only occasionally. Conclusion: Based on the distribution prevalence observed, we propose a four-grade destruction location-based classification. Future prospective studies following the evolution of cocaine-induced lesions are needed to validate our classification, its relationship with lesion evolution, and whether it represents a reliable tool for homogeneous research results reporting.
Addiction; CIMDL; Cocaine; Cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions; Nasal lesions; Septal perforation;
Settore MED/31 - Otorinolaringoiatria
lug-2022
9-feb-2022
Article (author)
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/906430
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