Neonatal nutritional supplements may improve early growth for infants born small, but effects on long-term growth are unclear and may differ by sex. We assessed the effects of early macronutrient supplements on later growth. We searched databases and clinical trials reg-isters from inception to April 2019. Participant-level data from randomised trials were included if the intention was to increase macronutrient intake to improve growth or development of infants born preterm or small-for-gestational-age. Co-primary outcomes were cognitive impairment and metabolic risk. Supplementation did not alter BMI in childhood (kg/m2: adjusted mean difference (aMD) −0.11[95% CI—0.47, 0.25], p = 0.54; 3 trials, n = 333). Supplementation increased length (cm: aMD 0.37[0.01, 0.72], p = 0.04; 18 trials, n = 2008) and bone mineral content (g: aMD 10.22[0.52, 19.92], p = 0.04; 6 trials, n = 313) in infancy, but not at older ages. There were no differences between supplemented and unsupplemented groups for other outcomes. In subgroup analysis, supplementation increased the height z-score in male toddlers (aMD 0.20[0.02, 0.37], p = 0.03; 10 trials, n = 595) but not in females, and no significant sex interaction was observed (p = 0.21). Macronutrient supplementation for infants born small may not alter BMI in childhood. Supplemen-tation increased growth in infancy, but these effects did not persist in later life. The effects did not differ between boys and girls.

Sex-specific effects of nutritional supplements for infants born early or small: an individual participant data meta-analysis (ESSENCE IPD-MA) II : growth / L. Lin, G.D. Gamble, C.A. Crowther, F.H. Bloomfield, M. Agosti, S.A. Atkinson, A. Biasini, N.D. Embleton, F.L. Filho, C. Fusch, M.L. Gianni', H.G.K. Kutman, W. Koo, I. Litmanovitz, C. Morgan, K. Mukhopadhyay, E. Neri, J.C. Picaud, N. Rochow, P. Roggero, K. Stroemmen, M.J. Tan, F.M. Tandoi, C.L. Wood, G. Zachariassen, J.E. Harding. - In: NUTRIENTS. - ISSN 2072-6643. - 14:2(2022 Jan 17), pp. 392.1-392.25. [10.3390/nu14020392]

Sex-specific effects of nutritional supplements for infants born early or small: an individual participant data meta-analysis (ESSENCE IPD-MA) II : growth

M.L. Gianni';
2022

Abstract

Neonatal nutritional supplements may improve early growth for infants born small, but effects on long-term growth are unclear and may differ by sex. We assessed the effects of early macronutrient supplements on later growth. We searched databases and clinical trials reg-isters from inception to April 2019. Participant-level data from randomised trials were included if the intention was to increase macronutrient intake to improve growth or development of infants born preterm or small-for-gestational-age. Co-primary outcomes were cognitive impairment and metabolic risk. Supplementation did not alter BMI in childhood (kg/m2: adjusted mean difference (aMD) −0.11[95% CI—0.47, 0.25], p = 0.54; 3 trials, n = 333). Supplementation increased length (cm: aMD 0.37[0.01, 0.72], p = 0.04; 18 trials, n = 2008) and bone mineral content (g: aMD 10.22[0.52, 19.92], p = 0.04; 6 trials, n = 313) in infancy, but not at older ages. There were no differences between supplemented and unsupplemented groups for other outcomes. In subgroup analysis, supplementation increased the height z-score in male toddlers (aMD 0.20[0.02, 0.37], p = 0.03; 10 trials, n = 595) but not in females, and no significant sex interaction was observed (p = 0.21). Macronutrient supplementation for infants born small may not alter BMI in childhood. Supplemen-tation increased growth in infancy, but these effects did not persist in later life. The effects did not differ between boys and girls.
growth; individual participants data meta-analysis; macronutrient supplementation; preterm infants; small-for-gestational-age infants; systematic review; body height; body mass index; bone density; dietary supplements; female; follow-up studies; humans; infant nutritional physiological phenomena; infant, newborn; infant, premature; infant, small for gestational age; male; nutrients; sex factors; treatment outcome
Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale e Specialistica
17-gen-2022
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/906158
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