The metabolism of nitric oxide plays an increasingly interesting role in the physiological response of the human body to extreme environmental conditions, such as underwater, in an extremely cold climate, and at low oxygen concentrations. Field studies need the development of analytical methods to measure nitrite and nitrate in plasma and red blood cells with high requirements of accuracy, precision, and sensitivity. An optimized spectrophotometric Griess method for nitrite-nitrate affords sensitivity in the low millimolar range and precision within +/- 2 mu M for both nitrite and nitrate, requiring 100 mu L of scarcely available plasma sample or less than 50 mu L of red blood cells. A scheduled time-efficient procedure affords measurement of as many as 80 blood samples, with combined nitrite and nitrate measurement in plasma and red blood cells. Performance and usefulness were tested in pilot studies that use blood fractions deriving from subjects who dwelt in an Antarctica scientific station and on breath-holding and scuba divers who performed training at sea and in a land-based deep pool facility. The method demonstrated adequate to measure low basal concentrations of nitrite and high production of nitrate as a consequence of water column pressure-triggered vasodilatation in deep-water divers.

High-Throughput Griess Assay of Nitrite and Nitrate in Plasma and Red Blood Cells for Human Physiology Studies under Extreme Conditions / A. Brizzolari, M.V. Dei Cas, D. Cialoni, A. Marroni, C. Morano, M. Samaja, R.C. Paroni, F.M. Rubino. - In: MOLECULES. - ISSN 1420-3049. - 26:15(2021), pp. 4569.1-4569.20. [10.3390/molecules26154569]

High-Throughput Griess Assay of Nitrite and Nitrate in Plasma and Red Blood Cells for Human Physiology Studies under Extreme Conditions

M.V. DEI CAS
Secondo
Visualization
;
C. Morano
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
M. Samaja
Supervision
;
R.C. Paroni
Project Administration
;
F.M. Rubino
Ultimo
Investigation
2021

Abstract

The metabolism of nitric oxide plays an increasingly interesting role in the physiological response of the human body to extreme environmental conditions, such as underwater, in an extremely cold climate, and at low oxygen concentrations. Field studies need the development of analytical methods to measure nitrite and nitrate in plasma and red blood cells with high requirements of accuracy, precision, and sensitivity. An optimized spectrophotometric Griess method for nitrite-nitrate affords sensitivity in the low millimolar range and precision within +/- 2 mu M for both nitrite and nitrate, requiring 100 mu L of scarcely available plasma sample or less than 50 mu L of red blood cells. A scheduled time-efficient procedure affords measurement of as many as 80 blood samples, with combined nitrite and nitrate measurement in plasma and red blood cells. Performance and usefulness were tested in pilot studies that use blood fractions deriving from subjects who dwelt in an Antarctica scientific station and on breath-holding and scuba divers who performed training at sea and in a land-based deep pool facility. The method demonstrated adequate to measure low basal concentrations of nitrite and high production of nitrate as a consequence of water column pressure-triggered vasodilatation in deep-water divers.
Antarctica; diving; extreme environment; hypoxia; hyperbaria; maladaptation; nitric oxide; nitrosative stress; underwater activity
Settore CHIM/01 - Chimica Analitica
Settore BIO/10 - Biochimica
2021
Article (author)
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/860254
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