The present project seeks to analyse contemporary discourses around the topic of vaccines and vaccination, with a particular interest in discourses enforcing doubts about their effectiveness and fears of their alleged risks. Contestation of vaccines is not actually a new phenomenon: in tracing its history, Offit (2008, 2011) and Durbach (2004) underline how doubts and fears of vaccines have existed since their invention in the 19th century and are often linked to wider public, political, and social debates. In many ways, the 19th, 20th, and 21st-century vaccine controversies have much in common; however, there are also some differences. These differences are principally a matter of degree; and are also strictly linked to the rise and spread of modern resources for dissemination of health information, such as television, radio, and the internet (Zimmerman et al., 2005). The aim of this project is therefore to start investigating the nature of the contemporary anti-vaccine discourse, in the light of the advent of new communication technologies, mass media, social media, and the world wide web, with a particular interest on the role that narration and emotions play in the construction of both pro-vaccine and anti-vaccine discourses. To do this, a multimodal critical discourse analysis of both anti-vaccine and pro-vaccine weblogs obtained from a search of the world wide web will be carried out, to identify rhetorical moves and characteristics used to make the case against or for vaccines. The objective is to devise effective strategies to promote valid scientific claims.
Questo progetto si propone di analizzare la contemporanea controversia sui vaccini, con un interesse particolare per i discorsi che rinforzano dubbi sulla loro efficacia e le paure per i rischi percepiti ad essi collegati. In effetti, le controversie sui vaccini non sono un fenomeno nuovo, proprio della contemporaneità: nel tracciarne la storia, Offit (2008, 2011) e Durbach (2004) sottolineano come contestazioni anche forti dei vaccini siano avvenute fin dalla loro invenzione, nel corso del 19esimo secolo, e siano spesso collegate a dibattiti più ampi di stampo pubblico, sociale e politico. Per molti versi le controversie sui vaccini del 19esimo, 20esimo e 21esimo secolo condividono molti aspetti; per altri aspetti, tuttavia, divergono. Le differenze riguardano soprattutto la diffusione su larga scala delle teorie anti-vacciniste, e sono anche strettamente collegate alla nascita e diffusione dei moderni mezzi di comunicazione, come la televisione, la radio e internet (Zimmerman et al., 2005). Questo progetto si propone perciò come obiettivo quello di studiare la natura dei discorsi pro- e anti-vaccinisti contemporanei alla luce dell’avvento delle nuove tecnologie della comunicazione, anche di massa, dei social media, e di internet; e con un interesse particolare per il ruolo giocato dalla narrazione emotiva nella costruzione di questi discorsi. Per fare ciò verrà condotta un’analisi critica e multimodale di weblogs, al fine identificare le strategie e caratteristiche retoriche usate per perorare la causa pro o contro i vaccini. Lo scopo ultimo è quello di sviluppare strategie efficaci per promuovere al meglio il discorso scientifico.
The vaccine controversy on the world wide web : the MMR vaccine in scientific and popularizing weblogs / C. Fiammenghi. ((Intervento presentato al convegno Argumenting Health Communication in the Digital Era tenutosi a Brescia nel 2019.
The vaccine controversy on the world wide web : the MMR vaccine in scientific and popularizing weblogs
C. Fiammenghi
2019
Abstract
The present project seeks to analyse contemporary discourses around the topic of vaccines and vaccination, with a particular interest in discourses enforcing doubts about their effectiveness and fears of their alleged risks. Contestation of vaccines is not actually a new phenomenon: in tracing its history, Offit (2008, 2011) and Durbach (2004) underline how doubts and fears of vaccines have existed since their invention in the 19th century and are often linked to wider public, political, and social debates. In many ways, the 19th, 20th, and 21st-century vaccine controversies have much in common; however, there are also some differences. These differences are principally a matter of degree; and are also strictly linked to the rise and spread of modern resources for dissemination of health information, such as television, radio, and the internet (Zimmerman et al., 2005). The aim of this project is therefore to start investigating the nature of the contemporary anti-vaccine discourse, in the light of the advent of new communication technologies, mass media, social media, and the world wide web, with a particular interest on the role that narration and emotions play in the construction of both pro-vaccine and anti-vaccine discourses. To do this, a multimodal critical discourse analysis of both anti-vaccine and pro-vaccine weblogs obtained from a search of the world wide web will be carried out, to identify rhetorical moves and characteristics used to make the case against or for vaccines. The objective is to devise effective strategies to promote valid scientific claims.Pubblicazioni consigliate
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