A composite absorbable implant used to treat subchondral bone cysts in 38 horses

Background In the last 30 years, several treatments have been proposed to treat subchondral cystic lesions (SCLs) but there have been no randomised studies to compare different methods and there is no consensus as to the optimal treatment. Objectives To evaluate a biocompatible absorbable implant for the treatment of SCLs in young horses in different anatomical locations. Study design Retrospective case series. Methods Horses with SCLs were treated with debridement through a trans‐cortical extra‐articular approach and an absorbable implant was inserted in the cavity. Clinical and radiographic follow‐up was recorded and follow up ranged from 28 to 46 months (mean 37 months). Racing records were reviewed. Results Thirty‐eight horses between 10 and 24 months of age were included in the study. In 36 of 38 horses treated, lameness resolved, and 77% average filling of the cyst was measured 120 days after surgery on radiographs. In two cases, surgical complications were recorded. Main limitations Information about the resorption of the implant is not available. Radiographs were performed in various hospitals or at farms or training stables, therefore, possible minor variations in technique and positioning occurred. Conclusions The extra‐articular approach to the SCLs followed by the insertion of the absorbable implant led to clinical and radiographic improvement of the SCLs at 120 days after surgery. This technique, feasible in different anatomical locations, may offer an alternative to treat SCLs in young horses.