Comparative morphometry of the temporomandibular joint in brachycephalic and mesocephalic cats using multislice CT and cone beam CT

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyse and compare morphometric measurements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in two groups of cats with brachycephalic and mesocephalic craniofacial skull conformations using multislice CT and cone beam CT. Methods: CT records of 20 cats without TMJ pathology were included in the study, and were divided into two groups according to those with mesocephalic or brachycephalic skull conformation. Width and depth of the mandibular fossa, width and height of the head of the mandible, and two different angles were measured in 40 TMJs. Results: TMJ conformation differed between groups: 3/6 parameters were statistically different. Brachycephalic cats had a significantly narrower mandibular fossa, a shorter head of the mandible and a wider angle of congruence (angle 2). Conclusions and relevance: The results provide morphometric measurements that can serve as a reference tool for the veterinary radiologist and surgeon when TMJ evaluation is necessary. Moreover, the study identified significant differences between the two craniofacial skull conformations.