The issue of the relationship between the exercise of the arbitral jurisdiction and the exercise of the State’s criminal jurisdiction has an actual relevance when one considers the investment dispute resolution system, as defined by the 1965 ICSID Convention. In fact, such system directly concerns, as a specific aspect of the dispute, elements of the exercise of the State sovereignty, which are subjected to scrutiny by the arbitrators. Therefore, it is conceivable that the arbitrators issue interim measures of protection in a number of situations, when in the host State of the investment criminal proceedings are considered or started against the investor, those connected to him, or witnesses, or that touch means of proof that can be used in arbitration. The examination of arbitration practice, in light of the conditions for the adoption of interim measures in the ICSID system, shows that in fact it is now an acquired fact that measures of protection can be adopted, especially to defend the integrity of the arbitration proceedings, in the face of criminal proceedings initiated precisely to interfere with that process, altering its proper functioning. The exercise of the State’s criminal function is not exempt from the scrutiny to which the State has submitted itself by accepting as an international law obligation to refer investment disputes to arbitration. The adoption of interim measures of protection in such situations shows their essential importance to ensure the overall effectiveness of the arbitration system.
Il tema dei rapporti tra esercizio della funzione cautelare arbitrale ed esercizio della funzione giurisdizionale statale in materia penale assume una particolare concretezza se si considera il sistema di risoluzione delle controversie in materia di investimenti, quale definito dalla Convenzione ICSID del 1965. In esso, infatti, vengono direttamente in gioco, quale specifico aspetto della controversia, elementi di esercizio della sovranità statale, sottoposti a scrutinio da parte degli arbitri. Dunque, appare ipotizzabile l’adozione di misure cautelari da parte degli arbitri in una serie di situazioni in cui nello Stato ospite dell’investimento sia minacciato o avviato un procedimento penale nei confronti dell’investitore, di soggetti a lui collegati o di testimoni, o che interessi mezzi di prova utilizzabili nell’arbitrato. L’esame della prassi arbitrale, alla luce delle condizioni di adottabilità di misure cautelari nel sistema ICSID, mostra come in effetti sia ormai un dato acquisito che misure cautelari possano essere adottate, soprattutto a difesa dell’integrità del procedimento arbitrale, a fronte di procedimenti penali avviati proprio per interferire con tale processo, alterandone il corretto funzionamento. La funzione giurisdizionale non è sottratta allo scrutinio al quale lo Stato si è sottoposto accettando sul piano del diritto internazionale di deferire ad arbitrato controversie sugli investimenti. In tale quadro, l’adozione di misure cautelari si dimostra essenziale per garantire l’efficacia complessiva del sistema arbitrale.
Misure cautelari arbitrali e giurisdizione penale statale / L. Fumagalli. - In: RIVISTA DELL'ARBITRATO. - ISSN 1122-0147. - 30:2(2020), pp. 261-282.
Misure cautelari arbitrali e giurisdizione penale statale
L. Fumagalli
2020
Abstract
The issue of the relationship between the exercise of the arbitral jurisdiction and the exercise of the State’s criminal jurisdiction has an actual relevance when one considers the investment dispute resolution system, as defined by the 1965 ICSID Convention. In fact, such system directly concerns, as a specific aspect of the dispute, elements of the exercise of the State sovereignty, which are subjected to scrutiny by the arbitrators. Therefore, it is conceivable that the arbitrators issue interim measures of protection in a number of situations, when in the host State of the investment criminal proceedings are considered or started against the investor, those connected to him, or witnesses, or that touch means of proof that can be used in arbitration. The examination of arbitration practice, in light of the conditions for the adoption of interim measures in the ICSID system, shows that in fact it is now an acquired fact that measures of protection can be adopted, especially to defend the integrity of the arbitration proceedings, in the face of criminal proceedings initiated precisely to interfere with that process, altering its proper functioning. The exercise of the State’s criminal function is not exempt from the scrutiny to which the State has submitted itself by accepting as an international law obligation to refer investment disputes to arbitration. The adoption of interim measures of protection in such situations shows their essential importance to ensure the overall effectiveness of the arbitration system.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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