Regressioni costituzionali e corti apicali: i casi di Venezuela, Turchia, Russia, Ungheria e Polonia

Based on the analysis of some legal systems which are paradigmatic in terms of their constitutional ‘regression’, the essay identifies the way in which are besieged and then subjugated by populist political majorities. These phenomena take place despite the fact that the relative countries belong to international organizations imposing democratic conditionality before the entry but which provide weak – though not absent – answers to the crisis of democracy. These are relatively new phenomena posing new challenges to the classifications of public law doctrine