Meat and meat products are the principal sources of human diets. The health of food-producing animals should under proper monitoring and control in order to reduce risks to the food supply chain. The studies presented in this thesis included the strategies of (i) Evaluate the outcome of feeding back the pathological report to the origin pig farms, and (ii) Build up the detection method and investigate the prevalence for environmental contaminants and veterinary drugs in pork, veal, chicken eggs and baby foods. In Chapter 3, we collected meat inspection records at a national level. The number of large farms account for 9% of the total but produced 48.5% slaughtering pigs. About the percentage of pathological lesions in the carcass, its coefficients of variation (CVs) is of 42% in the class of large farms. It suggests that the health level in large farms were more homogenous than in small and medium ones. At the final of the study, we analysed the influences of pathological lesions after having sent the post-mortem result to pig producers. The results highlight that the percentages of liver and lung had gradually reduced by 0.02% per month. The feedback of post-mortem result improves the transparency of government information, the close collaboration between producers and official veterinarian, and the herd health, for safer food of animal origin. In Chapter 4, 5 and 6, we developed highly sensitive detection methods on perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), pesticides, and antibiotics. The limit of quantification (LOQ) is 0.015-0.15 ng g-1 in PFASs, 0.5 ng g-1 in PBDE, which complied with Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. We applied our methods for the investigation of several animal matrices: pork, veal, and baby food. The results suggest that the prevalence of environmental contaminants in pork, veal, and baby food are low and do not post risks to human health. In Chapter 7, we developed a quick and easy-to-apply method to detect Fipronil and its metabolite and Amitraz from chicken eggs. The LOQ is 0.89 ng g-1 in Fipronil, and 2.4 ng g-1 in Amitraz. The outputs described in this thesis consists of clear understanding of detection methods for environmental contaminants and veterinary drugs in swine, calves and poultry. Besides, via the feedback mail, the pig producers received continuous observations from the slaughterhouse. Thus they took actions to reduce pathological lesions. The results introduced in this thesis can be the future way to keep food safety throughout the food chain.
La carne e i prodotti a base di carne sono le principali fonti di diete umane. La salute degli animali da produzione alimentare dovrebbe essere adeguatamente monitorata e controllata al fine di ridurre i rischi per la catena alimentare. Gli studi presentati in questa tesi includevano le strategie di (i) valutare l'esito della spedizione del rapporto patologico agli allevamenti di suini di provenienza e (ii) sviluppare il metodo di rilevazione e studiare la prevalenza di contaminanti ambientali e farmaci veterinari nel maiale, vitello, uova di gallina e alimenti per bambini. Nel capitolo 3, abbiamo raccolto i record delle ispezioni delle carni a livello nazionale. Il numero di grandi allevamenti rappresenta il 9% del totale ma hanno prodotto il 48,5% di suini da macello. Per la percentuale di lesioni patologiche nelle carcasse, i suoi coefficienti di variazione (CV) sono del 42% nella classe dei grandi allevamenti. Ciò suggerisce che il livello di salute nei grandi allevamenti era più omogeneo rispetto agli quelli piccoli e medi. Al termine dello studio, abbiamo analizzato le influenze delle lesioni patologiche dopo aver inviato il risultato post mortem agli allevamenti di provenienza. I risultati evidenziano che le percentuali di fegato e polmone sono gradualmente ridotte dello 0,02% al mese. Il feedback sui risultati post mortem migliora la trasparenza delle informazioni governative, la collaborazione tra produttori e veterinario ufficiale e la salute della mandria per alimenti più sicuri di origine animale. Nei capitoli 4, 5 e 6, abbiamo sviluppato I metodi di rilevazione altamente sensibili su sostanze perfluoroalchiliche (PFAS), bifenili policlorurati (PCB), idrocarburi policiclici aromatici (IPA), eteri difenilici polibromurati (PBDE), pesticidi e antibiotici. Il limite di quantificazione (LOQ) è 0,015-0,15 ng g-1 in PFAS, 0,5 ng g-1 in PBDE, il che è conforme alla decisione 2002/657/CE della Commissione. Abbiamo applicato i nostri metodi per lo studio di diverse matrici animali: maiale, vitello e alimenti per bambini. I risultati suggeriscono che la prevalenza di contaminanti ambientali in carne di maiale, vitello e alimenti per bambini sono bassi e non comportano rischi per la salute umana. Nel capitolo 7, abbiamo sviluppato un metodo rapido e facile da applicare per rilevare il fipronil e il suo metabolita e l'amitraz dalle uova di gallina. Il LOQ è 0,89 ng g-1 in fipronil e 2,4 ng g-1 in amitraz. I risultati descritti in questa tesi consistono nella chiara comprensione dei metodi di rilevazione di contaminanti ambientali e farmaci veterinari nei suini, vitelli e pollami. Inoltre, tramite la mail di feedback, i produttori di suini hanno ricevuto le osservazioni continue dal macello, quindi hanno intrapreso azioni per ridurre le lesioni patologiche. I risultati introdotti in questa tesi possono essere il modo futuro di mantenere la sicurezza lungo tutta la catena alimentare.
STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS AND VETERINARY DRUGS, RESIDUES THROUGHOUT THE FOOD CHAIN RELATED TO SWINE AND POULTRY, AND EVENTUALLY OTHER SPECIES OF FOOD-PRODUCING ANIMALS / S. Lin ; tutor: L. M. Chiesa ; coordinatrice: V. Grieco. DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE VETERINARIE PER LA SALUTE, LA PRODUZIONE ANIMALE E LA SICUREZZA ALIMENTARE, 2020 Feb 05. 32. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2019. [10.13130/lin-shihkuo_phd2020-02-05].
STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS AND VETERINARY DRUGS, RESIDUES THROUGHOUT THE FOOD CHAIN RELATED TO SWINE AND POULTRY, AND EVENTUALLY OTHER SPECIES OF FOOD-PRODUCING ANIMALS.
S. Lin
2020
Abstract
Meat and meat products are the principal sources of human diets. The health of food-producing animals should under proper monitoring and control in order to reduce risks to the food supply chain. The studies presented in this thesis included the strategies of (i) Evaluate the outcome of feeding back the pathological report to the origin pig farms, and (ii) Build up the detection method and investigate the prevalence for environmental contaminants and veterinary drugs in pork, veal, chicken eggs and baby foods. In Chapter 3, we collected meat inspection records at a national level. The number of large farms account for 9% of the total but produced 48.5% slaughtering pigs. About the percentage of pathological lesions in the carcass, its coefficients of variation (CVs) is of 42% in the class of large farms. It suggests that the health level in large farms were more homogenous than in small and medium ones. At the final of the study, we analysed the influences of pathological lesions after having sent the post-mortem result to pig producers. The results highlight that the percentages of liver and lung had gradually reduced by 0.02% per month. The feedback of post-mortem result improves the transparency of government information, the close collaboration between producers and official veterinarian, and the herd health, for safer food of animal origin. In Chapter 4, 5 and 6, we developed highly sensitive detection methods on perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), pesticides, and antibiotics. The limit of quantification (LOQ) is 0.015-0.15 ng g-1 in PFASs, 0.5 ng g-1 in PBDE, which complied with Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. We applied our methods for the investigation of several animal matrices: pork, veal, and baby food. The results suggest that the prevalence of environmental contaminants in pork, veal, and baby food are low and do not post risks to human health. In Chapter 7, we developed a quick and easy-to-apply method to detect Fipronil and its metabolite and Amitraz from chicken eggs. The LOQ is 0.89 ng g-1 in Fipronil, and 2.4 ng g-1 in Amitraz. The outputs described in this thesis consists of clear understanding of detection methods for environmental contaminants and veterinary drugs in swine, calves and poultry. Besides, via the feedback mail, the pig producers received continuous observations from the slaughterhouse. Thus they took actions to reduce pathological lesions. The results introduced in this thesis can be the future way to keep food safety throughout the food chain.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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