This paper examines, in a critical and interdisciplinary way, some aspects related to the St. Sebastian church near Chiusa (Bolzano). It is dated to the early thirteenth century. Archaeological excavations in the church have clarified the history of a two-storey building, to which belonged a cemetery, a “hospice” and other service buildings. Repeated floods between 14th and 15th centuries played an important role in the architectural history of the church. Numerous convincing examples of Seljuk sacred architecture allow us to assume, in the case of the church of St. Sebastian, the transmission of oriental architectural models (Holy Land, Turkey) in the Alpine area, by many pilgrims returned home from the crusades. Further is discussed the original form of the separation between the two churches and prooved that there was a flat ceiling supported by a wooden column whose stone base was found during the excavations in 2003. A similar ceiling can be assumed for the upper church, even if a cupola construction cannot be ruled out. As far as the connection to the former hospital building is concerned, a door is to be assumed below the now visible walled doorway. The wall paintings in the two churches were not painted at the same time as the consecration dates of the altars 1208 and 1213, but somewhat later, with great probability in the 3rd decade of the 13th century.
Si affrontano in questo contributo, in chiave critica e interdisciplinare, alcuni aspetti relativi alla chiesa di San Sebastiano presso Chiusa (Bolzano), datata ai primi anni del XIII sec. Gli scavi archeologici condotti a più riprese nella chiesa hanno permesso di chiarire le vicende storiche di un edificio a due piani, con annesso un cimitero, un “ospitale” e altri edifici di servizio. Ripetute alluvioni verificatesi tra il XIV e il XV secolo ebbero un ruolo di rilievo nella storia architettonica della chiesa. Numerosi convincenti esempi di architettura sacra selgiuchide consentono di ipotizzare, per la chiesa di San Sebastiano, la trasmissione in area alpina, ad opera dei numerosi pellegrini che facevano ritorno dalle crociate, di modelli architettonici di origine orientale (Terra Santa, Turchia). Si discute la forma di separazione originaria delle due chiese dimostrando che ci doveva essere un soffitto piano di legno sostenuto da un montante ligneo la cui base di pietra è stata trovata durante gli scavi del 2003. Per la chiesa superiore si suppone un analogo tipo di copertura pur non potendosi escludere anche una costruzione a cupola. L’accesso dall’ex ospedale va individuato più in basso della porta murata visibile. Gli affreschi presenti nelle due chiese non sono contemporanei alle date di consacrazione 1208 rispettivamente 1213, ma lievemente posteriori, eseguiti molto probabilmente nel terzo decennio del ‘200.
Considerazioni intorno all'antica chiesa di San Sebastiano presso Chiusa (Bolzano) / L. Dal Ri, G. Rizzi, H. Stampfer, U. Tecchiati - In: Archeologia delle Alpi : studi in onore di Gianni Ciurletti / [a cura di] F. Nicolis, R. Oberosler. - Prima edizione. - Trento : Provincia autonoma di Trento, Ufficio beni archeologici, 2018. - ISBN 9788877024572. - pp. 313-324
Considerazioni intorno all'antica chiesa di San Sebastiano presso Chiusa (Bolzano)
U. Tecchiati
Co-primo
Writing – Review & Editing
2018
Abstract
This paper examines, in a critical and interdisciplinary way, some aspects related to the St. Sebastian church near Chiusa (Bolzano). It is dated to the early thirteenth century. Archaeological excavations in the church have clarified the history of a two-storey building, to which belonged a cemetery, a “hospice” and other service buildings. Repeated floods between 14th and 15th centuries played an important role in the architectural history of the church. Numerous convincing examples of Seljuk sacred architecture allow us to assume, in the case of the church of St. Sebastian, the transmission of oriental architectural models (Holy Land, Turkey) in the Alpine area, by many pilgrims returned home from the crusades. Further is discussed the original form of the separation between the two churches and prooved that there was a flat ceiling supported by a wooden column whose stone base was found during the excavations in 2003. A similar ceiling can be assumed for the upper church, even if a cupola construction cannot be ruled out. As far as the connection to the former hospital building is concerned, a door is to be assumed below the now visible walled doorway. The wall paintings in the two churches were not painted at the same time as the consecration dates of the altars 1208 and 1213, but somewhat later, with great probability in the 3rd decade of the 13th century.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
31_DALRI-RIZZI-STAMPFER-TECCHIATI_Vol_ArcheologiaDelleAlpi.pdf
accesso riservato
Tipologia:
Publisher's version/PDF
Dimensione
860.3 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
860.3 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri Richiedi una copia |
Pubblicazioni consigliate
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.