We present a pedagogical introduction to self-organized criticality (SOC), unraveling its connections with nonequilibrium phase transitions. There are several paths from a conventional critical point to SOC. They begin with an absorbing-state phase transition (directed percolation is a familiar example), and impose supervision or driving on the system; two commonly used methods are extremal dynamics, and driving at a rate approaching zero. We illustrate this in sandpiles, where SOC is a consequence of slow driving in a system exhibiting an absorbing-state phase transition with a conserved density. Other paths to SOC, in driven interfaces, the Bak-Sneppen model, and self-organized directed percolation, are also examined. We review the status of experimental realizations of SOC in Light of these observations.

Paths to self-organized criticality / R. Dickman, M. Munoz, A. Vespignani, S. Zapperi. - In: BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. - ISSN 0103-9733. - 30:1(2000 Mar), pp. 27-41.

Paths to self-organized criticality

S. Zapperi
2000

Abstract

We present a pedagogical introduction to self-organized criticality (SOC), unraveling its connections with nonequilibrium phase transitions. There are several paths from a conventional critical point to SOC. They begin with an absorbing-state phase transition (directed percolation is a familiar example), and impose supervision or driving on the system; two commonly used methods are extremal dynamics, and driving at a rate approaching zero. We illustrate this in sandpiles, where SOC is a consequence of slow driving in a system exhibiting an absorbing-state phase transition with a conserved density. Other paths to SOC, in driven interfaces, the Bak-Sneppen model, and self-organized directed percolation, are also examined. We review the status of experimental realizations of SOC in Light of these observations.
Superconductiong vortex avalanches; kinetic critical phenomenon; annhihilating random-walks; upper critical dimension; abelian sandpile model; charge-density waves; forest-fire model; absorbing states; acoustic-emission; critical-behavior
Settore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica, Modelli e Metodi Matematici
Settore FIS/03 - Fisica della Materia
mar-2000
Article (author)
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/655634
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