Objectives: The efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been poorly investigated in bipolar depression. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of low-frequency repetitive TMS (rTMS) of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) combined with brain navigation in a sample of bipolar depressed subjects. Methods: Eleven subjects with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder and major depressive episode who did not respond to previous pharmacological treatment were treated with three weeks of open-label rTMS at 1 Hz, 110% of motor threshold, 300 stimuli/day. Results: All subjects completed the trial showing a statistically significant improvement on the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and Clinical Global Impression severity of illness scale (ANOVAs with repeated measures: F = 22.36, p < 0.0001; F = 12.66, p < 0.0001; and F = 10.41, p < 0.0001, respectively). In addition, stimulation response, defined as an endpoint HAM-D score reduction of > or =50% compared to baseline, was achieved by 6 out of 11 subjects, 4 of whom were considered remitters (HAM-D endpoint score < or = 8). Partial response (endpoint HAM-D score reduction between 25% and 50%) was achieved by 3/11 patients. No manic/hypomanic activation was detected during the treatment according to Young Mania Rating Scale scores (ANOVAs with repeated measures: F = 0.62, p = 0.61). Side effects were slight and were limited to the first days of treatment. Conclusions: Augmentative low-frequency rTMS of the right DLPFC combined with brain navigation was effective and well tolerated in a small sample of drug-resistant bipolar depressive patients, even though the lack of a sham controlled group limits confidence in the results.
Augmentative repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in drug-resistant bipolar depression / B. Dell’Osso, E. Mundo, N. D’Urso, S. Pozzoli, M. Buoli, M.T. Ciabatti, V. Bellina, M. Massimini, M. Rosanova, M. Mariotti, A.C. Altamura. - In: BIPOLAR DISORDERS. - ISSN 1398-5647. - 11:1(2009), pp. 76-81. [10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00651.x]
Augmentative repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in drug-resistant bipolar depression
B. Dell’Osso;E. Mundo;N. D’Urso;S. Pozzoli;M. Buoli;M.T. Ciabatti;V. Bellina;M. Massimini;M. Rosanova;M. Mariotti;A.C. Altamura
2009
Abstract
Objectives: The efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been poorly investigated in bipolar depression. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of low-frequency repetitive TMS (rTMS) of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) combined with brain navigation in a sample of bipolar depressed subjects. Methods: Eleven subjects with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder and major depressive episode who did not respond to previous pharmacological treatment were treated with three weeks of open-label rTMS at 1 Hz, 110% of motor threshold, 300 stimuli/day. Results: All subjects completed the trial showing a statistically significant improvement on the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and Clinical Global Impression severity of illness scale (ANOVAs with repeated measures: F = 22.36, p < 0.0001; F = 12.66, p < 0.0001; and F = 10.41, p < 0.0001, respectively). In addition, stimulation response, defined as an endpoint HAM-D score reduction of > or =50% compared to baseline, was achieved by 6 out of 11 subjects, 4 of whom were considered remitters (HAM-D endpoint score < or = 8). Partial response (endpoint HAM-D score reduction between 25% and 50%) was achieved by 3/11 patients. No manic/hypomanic activation was detected during the treatment according to Young Mania Rating Scale scores (ANOVAs with repeated measures: F = 0.62, p = 0.61). Side effects were slight and were limited to the first days of treatment. Conclusions: Augmentative low-frequency rTMS of the right DLPFC combined with brain navigation was effective and well tolerated in a small sample of drug-resistant bipolar depressive patients, even though the lack of a sham controlled group limits confidence in the results.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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