In the last decade, the association between diet and cognitive function/dementia has been largely investigated in observational studies, while there was a lack of evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the prevention of late-life cognitive disorders though dietary intervention in cognitively healthy older adults. In the present article, we reviewed RCTs published in the last three years (2014-2016) exploring nutritional intervention efficacy in preventing the onset of late-life cognitive disorders and dementia in cognitively healthy subjects aged over 60 years using different levels of investigation (i.e., dietary pattern changes/ medical food/nutraceutical supplementation/multidomain approach and dietary macro-and micronutrient approaches). From the included RCTs, there was moderate evidence that intervention through dietary pattern changes, medical food/nutraceutical supplementation, and multidomain approach improved specific cognitive domains or cognitive-related blood biomarkers. Moreover, there was high evidence that protein supplementation improved specific cognitive domains. For fatty acid supplementation, mainly long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, there was emerging evidence suggesting an impact of this approach in improving specific cognitive domains, MRI findings, and/or cognitive-related biomarkers also in selected subgroups of older subjects although some results were conflicting. Moreover, there was convincing evidence of an impact of non-flavonoid polyphenol and flavonoid supplementations in improving specific cognitive domains and/or MRI findings. Finally, there was only low evidence suggesting efficacy of intervention with homocysteine-related vitamins in improving cognitive functions, dementia incidence, or cognitive-related biomarkers in cognitively healthy older subjects.
Dietary intervention and prevention of cognitive-related outcomes in healthy older adults without cognitive dysfunction / P. Agosti, C. Custodero, A. Schilardi, A. D’Introno, V. Valiani, M. Lozupone, F. Panza, V. Dibello, C. Piccininni, V. Solfrizzi, C. Sabbà. - In: JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS. - ISSN 2499-6564. - 66:2(2018), pp. 87-100.
Titolo: | Dietary intervention and prevention of cognitive-related outcomes in healthy older adults without cognitive dysfunction |
Autori: | |
Parole Chiave: | Alzheimer’s disease; Dementia; Dietary pattern; Healthy diet; Macronutrients; Medical food; Mediterranean diet; Micronutrients; Mild cognitive impairment; Nutraceuticals; Prevention; Aging; Geriatrics and Gerontology |
Settore Scientifico Disciplinare: | Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna Settore MED/26 - Neurologia Settore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche Applicate |
Data di pubblicazione: | 2018 |
Rivista: | |
URL: | http://www.jgerontology-geriatrics.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/09_Agosti-1.pdf |
Tipologia: | Article (author) |
Appare nelle tipologie: | 01 - Articolo su periodico |
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