Background: Pretreatment evaluation of HCV-infected patients is a complex interplay between multiple clinical and viral parameters, leading to a tailored approach that may bring real-life sustained virological response (SVR) rates close to 98%-99%. Objectives: As proof-of-concept, we evaluated the efficacy of all-oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens in patients whose personalization included pre-therapy evaluation of natural resistance-associated substitutions (RASs), in addition to international guideline recommendations. Methods: One hundred and thirty-one patients who started a first-line all-oral DAA regimen between April 2015 and December 2016 were tested for baseline NS3 and NS5A RASs by Sanger sequencing. SVR12 was defined as HCV-RNA undetectability 12 weeks after treatment discontinuation. Results: Compatibly with a real-life context, 74.0% (97 of 131) of patients presented ≥2 pretreatment risk factors for failure to achieve SVR12 (infection by GT-1a/GT-3a; cirrhosis; previous treatment experience; HCV-RNA ≥800 000 IU/mL) and 33.6% had ≥3 risk factors. Natural RASs were frequently detected (32.1% prevalence), with substantial prevalence of NS5A RASs (15.3%), mostly represented by Y93H in GT-1b (3 of 36, 8.3%) and GT-3a (3 of 25, 12.0%) and F28C in GT-2c (2 of 11, 18.2%). Overall, personalized treatment led to 100% SVR12, even in those patients for whom treatment strategy was either strengthened (by ribavirin inclusion and/or duration increase) or simplified (by ribavirin exclusion and/or duration reduction), thanks to baseline RAS evaluation. Conclusions: Even with newer DAA regimens, an integrated interpretation of clinical and virological pretreatment parameters, including natural RASs, may play a relevant role in bringing SVR rates close to the highest achievable. Treatment tailoring can be foreseen in 'hard-to-treat' patients, but also in 'easy' patients with favourable indicators, whereby a simplification/shortening of recommended regimens can be indicated.
Optimal cure rate by personalized HCV regimens in real-life : a proof-of-concept study / V. Cento, M. Aragri, E. Teti, E. Polilli, A. Bertoli, L. Foroghi, S. Barbaliscia, V.C. Di Maio, A. Pieri, V.P. Palitti, L. Sarmati, G. Parruti, M. Andreoni, C.F. Perno, F. Ceccherini-Silberstein. - In: JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY. - ISSN 0305-7453. - 72:12(2017 Dec), pp. 3420-3424.
Optimal cure rate by personalized HCV regimens in real-life : a proof-of-concept study
V. Cento;C.F. Perno
;
2017
Abstract
Background: Pretreatment evaluation of HCV-infected patients is a complex interplay between multiple clinical and viral parameters, leading to a tailored approach that may bring real-life sustained virological response (SVR) rates close to 98%-99%. Objectives: As proof-of-concept, we evaluated the efficacy of all-oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens in patients whose personalization included pre-therapy evaluation of natural resistance-associated substitutions (RASs), in addition to international guideline recommendations. Methods: One hundred and thirty-one patients who started a first-line all-oral DAA regimen between April 2015 and December 2016 were tested for baseline NS3 and NS5A RASs by Sanger sequencing. SVR12 was defined as HCV-RNA undetectability 12 weeks after treatment discontinuation. Results: Compatibly with a real-life context, 74.0% (97 of 131) of patients presented ≥2 pretreatment risk factors for failure to achieve SVR12 (infection by GT-1a/GT-3a; cirrhosis; previous treatment experience; HCV-RNA ≥800 000 IU/mL) and 33.6% had ≥3 risk factors. Natural RASs were frequently detected (32.1% prevalence), with substantial prevalence of NS5A RASs (15.3%), mostly represented by Y93H in GT-1b (3 of 36, 8.3%) and GT-3a (3 of 25, 12.0%) and F28C in GT-2c (2 of 11, 18.2%). Overall, personalized treatment led to 100% SVR12, even in those patients for whom treatment strategy was either strengthened (by ribavirin inclusion and/or duration increase) or simplified (by ribavirin exclusion and/or duration reduction), thanks to baseline RAS evaluation. Conclusions: Even with newer DAA regimens, an integrated interpretation of clinical and virological pretreatment parameters, including natural RASs, may play a relevant role in bringing SVR rates close to the highest achievable. Treatment tailoring can be foreseen in 'hard-to-treat' patients, but also in 'easy' patients with favourable indicators, whereby a simplification/shortening of recommended regimens can be indicated.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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