The Cannara aquifer (Umbria, Italy) has been known for more than a century, and is one of the main drinking water supplies in the Umbria Region. In the beginning it was used for irrigation purposes, since this area was mainly agricultural up to the 1960s. The groundwater—exploited by Umbra Acque S.p.A. (a Company supplying drinking water)—is 150 m under ground level and is contained in a porous confined aquifer, which originally had artesian characteristics. Exploitation of 200–300 l/s with nine wells caused a reduction of piezometric level, maintaining the confined aquifer conditions, except for a very short period during which the aquifer was depressurised by drought, and for increase of emergency withdrawals replacing other water supplies (from springs) for drinking purposes. The occasional presence of iron and ammonium ions confirms the confinement of the groundwater and their hydrochemical facies in a redox environment, while in nearby areas and shallow aquifers anthropogenic contaminants (nitrates and chlorinated solvents) are reported. For the protection of this aquifer of strategic interest (the most important well field in Umbria), all hydrological and hydrochemical data available have been reviewed, and the aquifer recharge studied. Sustainable rates of withdrawal, and groundwater protection areas have been identified using a numerical flow model. Further action for monitoring groundwater of both shallow and artesian aquifers, together with well-revamping, have been proposed.
L’acquifero di Cannara (Umbria, Italia) è noto da oltre un secolo ed è uno dei principali punti di approvvigionamento di acqua potabile nella Regione Umbria. All'inizio veniva utilizzato per scopi irrigui, poiché quest'area era prevalentemente agricola fino agli anni '60. Le acque sotterranee, sfruttate da Umbra Acque S.p.A. (Società che fornisce l’acqua potabile), sono a 150 m al di sotto il livello del suolo e sono contenute in un acquifero poroso confinato, che in origine aveva caratteristiche artesiane. Lo sfruttamento di 200-300 l/s con nove pozzi ha causato una riduzione del livello piezometrico, mantenendo le condizioni di acquifero confinato, ad eccezione di un periodo molto breve durante il quale la falda è stata depressurizzata in seguito alla siccità e per l'aumento dei prelievi di emergenza in sostituzione di altri rifornimenti idrici potabili (da sorgenti). La presenza occasionale di ioni ferro e ammonio conferma il confinamento delle acque sotterranee la loro facies idrochimica in un ambiente redox, mentre nelle aree vicine e negli acquiferi superficiali si registrano contaminanti antropogenici (nitrati e solventi clorurati). Per la protezione di queste acque sotterranee di interesse strategico (il più importante campo pozzi in Umbria), sono stati rivisti tutti i dati idrologici e idrochimici disponibili e studiata la ricarica dell'acquifero. Le aliquote di prelievi idrici sostenibili e le aree di salvaguardia delle acque sotterranee sono state identificate utilizzando un modello numerico di flusso. Sono state proposte ulteriori azioni per monitorare le acque sotterranee negli acquiferi superficiale e artesiano, insieme ad una sistemazione dei pozzi esistenti.
Groundwater modeling of the withdrawal sustainability of Cannara artesian aquifer (Umbria-Italy) / G.P. Beretta, M. Avanzini, T. Marangoni, M. Burini, G. Schirò, J. Terrenghi, G. Vacca. - In: ACQUE SOTTERRANEE. - ISSN 1828-454X. - 7:3(2018 Dec 01), pp. 153.47-153.60.
Groundwater modeling of the withdrawal sustainability of Cannara artesian aquifer (Umbria-Italy)
G.P. Beretta
Primo
;T. Marangoni;J. TerrenghiPenultimo
;
2018
Abstract
The Cannara aquifer (Umbria, Italy) has been known for more than a century, and is one of the main drinking water supplies in the Umbria Region. In the beginning it was used for irrigation purposes, since this area was mainly agricultural up to the 1960s. The groundwater—exploited by Umbra Acque S.p.A. (a Company supplying drinking water)—is 150 m under ground level and is contained in a porous confined aquifer, which originally had artesian characteristics. Exploitation of 200–300 l/s with nine wells caused a reduction of piezometric level, maintaining the confined aquifer conditions, except for a very short period during which the aquifer was depressurised by drought, and for increase of emergency withdrawals replacing other water supplies (from springs) for drinking purposes. The occasional presence of iron and ammonium ions confirms the confinement of the groundwater and their hydrochemical facies in a redox environment, while in nearby areas and shallow aquifers anthropogenic contaminants (nitrates and chlorinated solvents) are reported. For the protection of this aquifer of strategic interest (the most important well field in Umbria), all hydrological and hydrochemical data available have been reviewed, and the aquifer recharge studied. Sustainable rates of withdrawal, and groundwater protection areas have been identified using a numerical flow model. Further action for monitoring groundwater of both shallow and artesian aquifers, together with well-revamping, have been proposed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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