Disentangling workplace innovation : a systematic literature review

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to consolidate the state of extant academic research on workplace innovation (WI) by proposing a comprehensive conceptual framework and outlining research traditions on the phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach - This paper systematically reviewed the literature published over the past 20 years, basing on a predefined research protocol. The dimensions of WI were explored with the help of thematic synthesis, while the research perspectives were studied by means of textual narrative synthesis. Findings - The analysis suggests that there exist four research traditions on WI - built container, humanized landscape, socio-material macro-actor, and polyadic network - and each of them comprises its own set of assumptions, foci of study, and ontological bases. The findings suggest that WI is a heterogeneous process of renovation occurring in eight different dimensions, namely work system, workplace democracy, high-tech application, workplace boundaries, workspaces, people practices, workplace experience, and workplace culture. The analysis showed that over years the meaning of innovation within these dimensions changed, therefore it is argued that research should account for the variability of these categories. Practical implications - The paper includes implications for developing and implementing WI programs. Moreover, it discusses the role of HR in the WI process. Originality/value - This paper for the first time systematically reviews literature on the topic of WI, clarifies the concept and discusses directions and implications for the future research.