Obesity is a major health risk factor, and obesity-induced morbidity and complications account for huge costs for affected individuals, families, healthcare systems, and society at large. In particular, obesity is strongly associated with the development of insulin resistance, which in turn plays a key role in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated cardiometabolic complications, including metabolic syndrome components, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Insulin sensitive tissues, including adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver, are profoundly affected by obesity both at biomolecular and functional levels. Altered adipose organ function may play a fundamental pathogenetic role once fat accumulation has ensued. Modulation of insulin sensitivity appears to be, at least in part, related to changes in redox balance and oxidative stress as well as inflammation, with a relevant underlying role for mitochondrial dysfunction that may exacerbate these alterations. Nutrients and substrates as well as systems involved in host-nutrient interactions, including gut microbiota, have been also identified as modulators of metabolic pathways controlling insulin action. This review aims at providing an overview of these concepts and their potential inter-relationships in the development of insulin resistance, with particular regard to changes in adipose organ and skeletal muscle.
Insulin resistance in obesity: an overview of fundamental alterations / R. Barazzoni, G. Gortan Cappellari, M. Ragni, E. Nisoli. - In: EATING AND WEIGHT DISORDERS. - ISSN 1590-1262. - 23:2(2018 Apr 01), pp. 149-157. [10.1007/s40519-018-0481-6]
Insulin resistance in obesity: an overview of fundamental alterations
M. RagniPenultimo
;E. Nisoli
Ultimo
2018
Abstract
Obesity is a major health risk factor, and obesity-induced morbidity and complications account for huge costs for affected individuals, families, healthcare systems, and society at large. In particular, obesity is strongly associated with the development of insulin resistance, which in turn plays a key role in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated cardiometabolic complications, including metabolic syndrome components, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Insulin sensitive tissues, including adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver, are profoundly affected by obesity both at biomolecular and functional levels. Altered adipose organ function may play a fundamental pathogenetic role once fat accumulation has ensued. Modulation of insulin sensitivity appears to be, at least in part, related to changes in redox balance and oxidative stress as well as inflammation, with a relevant underlying role for mitochondrial dysfunction that may exacerbate these alterations. Nutrients and substrates as well as systems involved in host-nutrient interactions, including gut microbiota, have been also identified as modulators of metabolic pathways controlling insulin action. This review aims at providing an overview of these concepts and their potential inter-relationships in the development of insulin resistance, with particular regard to changes in adipose organ and skeletal muscle.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Insulin resistance in obesity_EAWD_2018.pdf
accesso riservato
Tipologia:
Publisher's version/PDF
Dimensione
945.73 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
945.73 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri Richiedi una copia |
EAWD_2018_manoscritto.pdf
Open Access dal 05/06/2019
Tipologia:
Post-print, accepted manuscript ecc. (versione accettata dall'editore)
Dimensione
640.35 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
640.35 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
Pubblicazioni consigliate
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.