The research aimed at studying and analysing the contemporary art publishing system in Milan during the Thirties, on the basis of a mapping of the specialised book production with a major focus on its forms, mechanisms and leading figures. The work spanned a preliminary phase designed to identifying the study materials, to defining the research boundaries and fields in a quite unusual historiographical perspective, poised between history of art and publishing, on a ground where the dynamics related to the artistic promotion and its consumption, to the publishing market and to the book production chain are mutually intertwined. Because of their peculiarities, such as the material profile as well as the target audience, art books prove to be products with distinct features and issues within the publishing industry. In the Thirties, such specificity interact with a crucial debate on the identity of contemporary art, prefiguring a new historical context characterised by the unprecedented development of editorial initiatives aimed at the codification and dissemination of the values of the current figurative culture. The entire study was based on the systematic mapping of publications issued between 1929 and 1943 – a chronological arc identified as the most congruent for the purposes of the investigation – carried out according to the analysis of coeval sources, such as bibliographic guides and bulletins, book sales catalogues, specialised libraries records. The evaluation and cataloguing of each editions took into account specific parameters selected depending on the nature of art books and more specifically considering the central role of photomechanical reproductions in the production chain. All information was gathered in a database converted into an organised repertory with technical entries and indexes of editorial presences. The results of this broad census led the research considering the great issues of the productive system, the emerging literary genres, and the reproduction and printing processes of images, making references to theory as well as to texts, printed and archive sources, until broadening the field of investigation to include a comparison with the related Italian and foreign coeval publishing. The thesis is thus divided into three main parts, introduced by an attempt to define the forms of contemporary art books and by a check of the performance of editorial production. This section shed light on an existing periodization within the chronological extremes closely intertwined with a wide variety of ongoing dynamics directly affecting the publishing sector, among which the consolidation of a new collecting, the contextual developments in the field of art politics and the technological advances of the graphic industry are just some of the most relevant. The analysis of the publishing system chiefly looked to define the players, actually the figures personally involved in the production chain, thus outlining for the first time a structured map of publishers, photoengravers, typographers and printers. In fact, among the prerogatives of the sector, one which undoubtedly stands out is the fragmentation of the entrepreneurial figures ascribable to the high specialization standards which illustrated books require and to the creation of which contribute multiple professional profiles and skills. The panorama of the publishers itself revealed a remarkable diversification corresponding to a consistent permeability to the context of the galleries and the art market as well as to the context of magazines, thus making it possible to reconsider places which according to historiography live apart. Shifting the goal to the publishing production, namely to the books object of the investigation, the work addressed the issues related to the forms of dissemination of new figurative values, in response to the coeval ongoing process aiming at their accomplished definition. In keeping with the mapping, and tapping into a comprehensive overview and a wealth of aspects typical of the product book considered in the research, the perspective aimed at highlighting the emerging genres, such as the book-catalogue, the panorama, the series of artist monographs, while reflecting on their fortune, among gaps, drifts, continuity and innovative elements, also based on a comparison with international models. Finally, a key part of the work consisted in examining the photomechanical reproduction and printing processes employed in the production of books: a crucial issue inherently belonging to the specificity of art publishing – based on reproductions and their mise en page – that, however, appears largely overlooked by historiography. Mindful of the technical equipment, the processing steps and the graphic results, the research carried out confirmed the value of this investigation line, while shedding light on the role that the technological innovations achieved in the Thirties played not only in determining the materiality and grammar of images, and hence the reception of art, but the very publishing forms. Significantly new features emerged, in particular, in relation to the colour reproduction and its renovated, quickly booming commercial systems, such as fotocolor, whose first diffusion this work retraced. The appendix presents the final catalogue of books entries as well as indexes and lists, including the complete listing of publishing series.
Oggetto della ricerca è stato lo studio e l’analisi del sistema dell’editoria d’arte contemporanea nella Milano degli anni trenta, a partire da una mappatura della produzione libraria specializzata uscita lungo il decennio di cui si sono messe a fuoco forme, meccanismi e protagonisti. Il lavoro ha avuto una frase preliminare di individuazione dei materiali di studio, di strutturazione dell’ambito e dei campi di ricerca, in una prospettiva storiografica sostanzialmente inedita, al confine tra la storia dell’arte e dell’editoria, in cui si intrecciano le dinamiche della promozione artistica e del suo consumo, del mercato editoriale e della filiera del libro. Le peculiarità dell’edizione d’arte, dal suo profilo materiale al pubblico a cui è indirizzata, ne fanno un prodotto con caratteristiche e problematiche distinte nel quadro allargato dell’industria editoriale. Tale specificità negli anni trenta si innesta in un dibattito cruciale sull’identità dell’arte contemporanea, prefigurando un quadro storico nuovo rispetto al periodo precedente in cui si assiste alla significativa fioritura di iniziative editoriali inedite tese alla codificazione e divulgazione dei valori della cultura figurativa del presente. L’intero studio si è fondato sulla mappatura sistematica delle pubblicazioni date alle stampe tra il 1929 e il 1943 – arco cronologico individuato come il più congruente ai fini dell’indagine – condotta sulla base dell’analisi di fonti d’epoca specializzate quali guide bibliografiche, bollettini, cataloghi di vendita dei libri, nonché i registri di carico delle biblioteche di settore. Il recupero, l’esame diretto e la schedatura delle singole edizioni attraverso parametri specifici, messi a punto tenendo conto della natura del libro d’arte e in particolare della centralità delle fotoriproduzioni nella filiera produttiva, ha portato alla realizzazione di un database, confluito in un repertorio organizzato in schede tecniche e indici delle presenze editoriali. I risultati scaturiti da questo ampio censimento hanno orientato la ricerca verso i grandi nodi del sistema produttivo, dei generi letterari emergenti e dei procedimenti di riproduzione e di stampa delle immagini, tra teoria e agganci ai testi, alle fonti a stampa e alla documentazione d’archivio, allargando il complessivo campo di indagine a una comparazione con la rispettiva produzione editoriale italiana e straniera coeva. La tesi si articola dunque in tre grandi parti, introdotte da un tentativo di definizione delle forme del libro d’arte contemporanea e da una verifica dell’andamento della produzione editoriale. Quest’ultima ha messo in luce l’esistenza di una periodizzazione interna agli estremi cronologici legata a doppio filo a una molteplicità di dinamiche in atto che incidono in modo diretto sull’editoria di settore, tra le quali il consolidamento di un nuovo collezionismo, i contestuali svolgimenti sul piano della politica delle arti e i progressi tecnici dell’industria grafica sono solo alcune delle più eloquenti. L’analisi del sistema editoriale si è rivolta anzitutto a definirne gli attori, vale a dire le figure direttamente coinvolte nella filiera produttiva, restituendo per la prima volta una mappa strutturata degli editori, dei fotoincisori, dei tipografi e stampatori. Tra le prerogative del settore spicca infatti la frammentazione dei soggetti imprenditoriali dovuta all’elevato standard di specializzazione richiesto dal libro illustrato, alla cui realizzazione concorrono necessariamente professionalità diverse. A monte, nel panorama degli editori è emersa una sensibile diversificazione tradotta in una sostanziale permeabilità al tessuto delle gallerie e del mercato e a quello delle riviste, permettendo di riconsiderare luoghi che per la storiografia vivono separati. Spostando l’obiettivo sulla produzione editoriale, ovvero sui libri oggetto d’indagine, si sono discusse le problematiche connesse alle forme della divulgazione dei nuovi valori figurativi, a fronte di un processo mobile teso a una loro compiuta definizione. Una prospettiva aderente alla mappatura, che facesse leva su uno sguardo d’insieme e sui molteplici aspetti del prodotto librario considerati nella ricerca, ha inteso mettere a fuoco i generi emergenti, dal libro-catalogo, al panorama, alle collane di monografie d’artista, riflettendo sulla loro fortuna, tra scarti, continuità ed elementi innovativi, anche attraverso un confronto con i modelli internazionali. Una parte centrale del lavoro è stata dedicata, infine, alla disamina dei diversi procedimenti fotomeccanici di riproduzione e di stampa impiegati nella realizzazione dei libri, un problema nodale, connaturato alle specificità stesse dell’editoria d’arte – fondata sulle riproduzioni e sulla loro mise en page – che tuttavia, allo stato degli studi, risulta sostanzialmente trascurato dalla storiografia. Attente alle attrezzature tecniche, ai passaggi di lavorazione e ai risultati grafici, le ricerche svolte hanno confermato il valore di questo filone di indagine, mettendo in luce il peso che negli anni trenta le innovazioni tecnologiche nel settore hanno giocato nel determinare non solo la fisicità e la grammatica delle immagini, e dunque la ricezione dell’arte, ma le stesse forme editoriali. Novità significative sono emerse, in particolare, in relazione alla riproduzione a colori e ai suoi rinnovati sistemi in rapida ascesa commerciale, come il fotocolor, di cui è stata ricostruita la prima diffusione. Il repertorio finale delle schede tecniche delle singole pubblicazioni, integrato da indici ed elenchi, tra cui i cataloghi completi delle collezioni editoriali, è presentato in appendice.
IL SISTEMA DELL'EDITORIA D'ARTE CONTEMPORANEA NELLA MILANO DEGLI ANNI TRENTA / V. Pozzoli ; tutor: P. Rusconi; coordinatore: A.V. Cadioli. DIPARTIMENTO DI BENI CULTURALI E AMBIENTALI, 2018 Jan 12. 29. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2016. [10.13130/v-pozzoli_phd2018-01-12].
IL SISTEMA DELL'EDITORIA D'ARTE CONTEMPORANEA NELLA MILANO DEGLI ANNI TRENTA
V. Pozzoli
2018
Abstract
The research aimed at studying and analysing the contemporary art publishing system in Milan during the Thirties, on the basis of a mapping of the specialised book production with a major focus on its forms, mechanisms and leading figures. The work spanned a preliminary phase designed to identifying the study materials, to defining the research boundaries and fields in a quite unusual historiographical perspective, poised between history of art and publishing, on a ground where the dynamics related to the artistic promotion and its consumption, to the publishing market and to the book production chain are mutually intertwined. Because of their peculiarities, such as the material profile as well as the target audience, art books prove to be products with distinct features and issues within the publishing industry. In the Thirties, such specificity interact with a crucial debate on the identity of contemporary art, prefiguring a new historical context characterised by the unprecedented development of editorial initiatives aimed at the codification and dissemination of the values of the current figurative culture. The entire study was based on the systematic mapping of publications issued between 1929 and 1943 – a chronological arc identified as the most congruent for the purposes of the investigation – carried out according to the analysis of coeval sources, such as bibliographic guides and bulletins, book sales catalogues, specialised libraries records. The evaluation and cataloguing of each editions took into account specific parameters selected depending on the nature of art books and more specifically considering the central role of photomechanical reproductions in the production chain. All information was gathered in a database converted into an organised repertory with technical entries and indexes of editorial presences. The results of this broad census led the research considering the great issues of the productive system, the emerging literary genres, and the reproduction and printing processes of images, making references to theory as well as to texts, printed and archive sources, until broadening the field of investigation to include a comparison with the related Italian and foreign coeval publishing. The thesis is thus divided into three main parts, introduced by an attempt to define the forms of contemporary art books and by a check of the performance of editorial production. This section shed light on an existing periodization within the chronological extremes closely intertwined with a wide variety of ongoing dynamics directly affecting the publishing sector, among which the consolidation of a new collecting, the contextual developments in the field of art politics and the technological advances of the graphic industry are just some of the most relevant. The analysis of the publishing system chiefly looked to define the players, actually the figures personally involved in the production chain, thus outlining for the first time a structured map of publishers, photoengravers, typographers and printers. In fact, among the prerogatives of the sector, one which undoubtedly stands out is the fragmentation of the entrepreneurial figures ascribable to the high specialization standards which illustrated books require and to the creation of which contribute multiple professional profiles and skills. The panorama of the publishers itself revealed a remarkable diversification corresponding to a consistent permeability to the context of the galleries and the art market as well as to the context of magazines, thus making it possible to reconsider places which according to historiography live apart. Shifting the goal to the publishing production, namely to the books object of the investigation, the work addressed the issues related to the forms of dissemination of new figurative values, in response to the coeval ongoing process aiming at their accomplished definition. In keeping with the mapping, and tapping into a comprehensive overview and a wealth of aspects typical of the product book considered in the research, the perspective aimed at highlighting the emerging genres, such as the book-catalogue, the panorama, the series of artist monographs, while reflecting on their fortune, among gaps, drifts, continuity and innovative elements, also based on a comparison with international models. Finally, a key part of the work consisted in examining the photomechanical reproduction and printing processes employed in the production of books: a crucial issue inherently belonging to the specificity of art publishing – based on reproductions and their mise en page – that, however, appears largely overlooked by historiography. Mindful of the technical equipment, the processing steps and the graphic results, the research carried out confirmed the value of this investigation line, while shedding light on the role that the technological innovations achieved in the Thirties played not only in determining the materiality and grammar of images, and hence the reception of art, but the very publishing forms. Significantly new features emerged, in particular, in relation to the colour reproduction and its renovated, quickly booming commercial systems, such as fotocolor, whose first diffusion this work retraced. The appendix presents the final catalogue of books entries as well as indexes and lists, including the complete listing of publishing series.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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