Microglia are resident myeloid cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that are maintained by self-renewal and actively participate in tissue homeostasis and immune defense. Under the influence of endogenous or pathological signals, microglia undertake biochemical transformations that are schematically classified as the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and the alternatively activated M2 state. Dysregulated proliferation of M1-activated microglia has detrimental effects, while an increased number of microglia with the alternative, pro-resolving phenotype might be beneficial in brain pathologies; however, the proliferative response of microglia to M2 signals is not yet known. We thus evaluated the ability of interleukin-4 (IL-4), a typical M2 and proliferative signal for peripheral macrophages, to induce microglia proliferation and compared it with other proliferative and M2 polarizing stimuli for macrophages, namely colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and the estrogen hormone, 17β-estradiol (E2).
Selective proliferative response of microglia to alternative polarization signals / G. Pepe, M. De Maglie, L. Minoli, A. Villa, A. Maggi, E. Vegeto. - In: JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION. - ISSN 1742-2094. - 14:1(2017 Dec 04).
Titolo: | Selective proliferative response of microglia to alternative polarization signals |
Autori: | PEPE, GIOVANNA LUISA (Primo) DE MAGLIE, MARCELLA (Secondo) MAGGI, ADRIANA CATERINA (Penultimo) VEGETO, ELISABETTA (Ultimo) (Corresponding) |
Parole Chiave: | estrogen; interleukin-4; microglia; proliferation |
Settore Scientifico Disciplinare: | Settore BIO/14 - Farmacologia |
Progetto: | Imaging of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases |
Data di pubblicazione: | 4-dic-2017 |
Rivista: | |
Centro di ricerca: | Centro Interdipartimentale di Eccellenza per le Malattie Neurodegenerative CEND |
Tipologia: | Article (author) |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12974-017-1011-6 |
Appare nelle tipologie: | 01 - Articolo su periodico |
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