We characterized three subsets of NK cells in blood, and two subsets in mucosal tissues. SIVmac251 infection increased total and CD16+ NK cells in the blood. In the rectum, we observed a significant increase in total and NKG2A+ NK cells during SIV infection. In contrast, the NKp44+ subset significantly depleted in acute infection and continued to decline in frequency during chronic phase. During SIV infection, blood CD16 and mucosal NKG2A+ subsets had increased cytotoxic potential. Intriguingly, the NKp44+ NK cell subtype that likely mediates mucosal homeostasis via the production of cytokines, acquired cytotoxicity. Antiretroviral therapy significantly increased the frequency of mucosal NKG2A+ NK cells and peripheral CD16+ NK cells. However, it failed to restore the normal frequency of NKp44+ NK cells in the rectum. Thus, SIVmac251 infection causes changes in the distribution and function of NK cells and antiretroviral therapy during chronic infection only partially restores NK homeostasis and function. © 2013.
Antiretroviral therapy partly reverses the systemic and mucosal distribution of NK cell subsets that is altered by SIVmac251 infection of macaques / L. N. P. M., G. S. N., D. M. N., P. P., M. Vaccari, S. N., L. Schifanella, P.M. C. A., L. D., G. K., M. M., F. G.. - In: VIROLOGY. - ISSN 0042-6822. - 450-451(2014), pp. 359-368. [10.1016/j.virol.2013.12.003]
Antiretroviral therapy partly reverses the systemic and mucosal distribution of NK cell subsets that is altered by SIVmac251 infection of macaques
M. Vaccari;L. Schifanella;
2014
Abstract
We characterized three subsets of NK cells in blood, and two subsets in mucosal tissues. SIVmac251 infection increased total and CD16+ NK cells in the blood. In the rectum, we observed a significant increase in total and NKG2A+ NK cells during SIV infection. In contrast, the NKp44+ subset significantly depleted in acute infection and continued to decline in frequency during chronic phase. During SIV infection, blood CD16 and mucosal NKG2A+ subsets had increased cytotoxic potential. Intriguingly, the NKp44+ NK cell subtype that likely mediates mucosal homeostasis via the production of cytokines, acquired cytotoxicity. Antiretroviral therapy significantly increased the frequency of mucosal NKG2A+ NK cells and peripheral CD16+ NK cells. However, it failed to restore the normal frequency of NKp44+ NK cells in the rectum. Thus, SIVmac251 infection causes changes in the distribution and function of NK cells and antiretroviral therapy during chronic infection only partially restores NK homeostasis and function. © 2013.Pubblicazioni consigliate
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