The chapter provides a comprehensive overview on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the treatment of acute lung injury. It focuses on venovenous ECMO. The historical aspects of ECMO are explored at the light of the most recent advances linked to the H1N1 pandemic. The basic physiology of lung gas exchange is addressed, as well as the specific aspects of gas exchange through an artificial lung. A section is dedicated to the technical aspects of cannulation, setting, and equipment. The chapter also addresses the main complications of ECMO, the pharmacological approach, the management of mechanical ventilation during ECMO, and possible new trends in this approach.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation / T. Langer, E. Carlesso, L. Gattinoni - In: Oxford textbook of cardiothoracic anaesthesia / [a cura di] R.P. Alston, P.S. Myles, M. Ranucci. - [s.l] : Oxford University Press, 2015 Feb. - ISBN 9780199653478. - pp. 131-136 [10.1093/med/9780199653478.001.0001]
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
T. Langer;E. Carlesso;L. Gattinoni
2015
Abstract
The chapter provides a comprehensive overview on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the treatment of acute lung injury. It focuses on venovenous ECMO. The historical aspects of ECMO are explored at the light of the most recent advances linked to the H1N1 pandemic. The basic physiology of lung gas exchange is addressed, as well as the specific aspects of gas exchange through an artificial lung. A section is dedicated to the technical aspects of cannulation, setting, and equipment. The chapter also addresses the main complications of ECMO, the pharmacological approach, the management of mechanical ventilation during ECMO, and possible new trends in this approach.
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