One of the most interesting phenomena in the soft-matter realm consists in the spontaneous formation of super-molecular structures (microphases) in condition of thermodynamic equilibrium. A simple mechanism responsible for this self-organization or pattern formation is based on the competition between attractive and repulsive forces with different length scales in the microscopic potential, typically, a short-range attraction against a longer-range repulsion. We analyse this problem by simulations in 2D fluids. We find that, as the temperature is lowered, liquid-vapor phase separation is inhibited by the competition between attraction and repulsion, and replaced by a transition to non-homogeneous phases. The structure of the fluid shows well defined signatures of the presence of both intra- and inter-cluster correlations. Even when the competition between attraction and repulsion is not so strong as to cause microphase formation, it still induces large density fluctuations in a wide region of the temperature-density plane. In this large-fluctuation regime, pattern formation can be triggered by a weak external modulating field.

Fluctuations and pattern formation in fluids with competing interactions / A. Imperio, D. Pini, L. Reatto - In: Collective Phenomena in Macroscopic Systems : proceedings of the workshop / [a cura di] G. Bertin, R. Pozzoli, M. Rome', K.R. Sreenivasan. - Singapore : World Scientific, 2007. - ISBN 978-981-270-705-5. - pp. 117-126 (( convegno Collective Phenomena in Macroscopic Systems tenutosi a Como, Villa Olmo nel 2006.

Fluctuations and pattern formation in fluids with competing interactions

A. Imperio
Primo
;
D. Pini
Secondo
;
L. Reatto
Ultimo
2007

Abstract

One of the most interesting phenomena in the soft-matter realm consists in the spontaneous formation of super-molecular structures (microphases) in condition of thermodynamic equilibrium. A simple mechanism responsible for this self-organization or pattern formation is based on the competition between attractive and repulsive forces with different length scales in the microscopic potential, typically, a short-range attraction against a longer-range repulsion. We analyse this problem by simulations in 2D fluids. We find that, as the temperature is lowered, liquid-vapor phase separation is inhibited by the competition between attraction and repulsion, and replaced by a transition to non-homogeneous phases. The structure of the fluid shows well defined signatures of the presence of both intra- and inter-cluster correlations. Even when the competition between attraction and repulsion is not so strong as to cause microphase formation, it still induces large density fluctuations in a wide region of the temperature-density plane. In this large-fluctuation regime, pattern formation can be triggered by a weak external modulating field.
Pattern formation ; competing interactions ; numerical simulation ; structure factor ; liquid-vapor equilibrium
Settore FIS/03 - Fisica della Materia
2007
Tha Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics
Book Part (author)
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/38907
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