The helical ventricular myocardial band is the anatomic basis of left ventricular (LV) fiber architecture and has helped to redefine cardiac motion and function. Recently, the evaluation of myocardial motion can be quantified by means of non-invasive advanced echocardiography (speckle-tracking echocardiography-STE), which provides deformation (strain) and deformation rates (strain rate) in the longitudinal, circumferential and radial planes. LV twisting motion along the long axis is another important key feature in LV systolic function. In human cardiology there has been evidence of postnatal cardiac maturation of the myofibers as infants grow, with a difference in the contraction profiles of children and adults, both in strain/strain rate values and LV twist. We sought to evaluate the changes in the biomechanics of the left ventricle in a giant dog breed by performing standard and advanced echocardiography in 2 months old Great Dane puppies and in adult Great Danes older than 1 year. The population comprised 20 puppies and 14 adult Great Danes (mean age: 29 months). No dog presented cardiac murmur. Dogs older than one year of age underwent 24 hours Holter recording and no dog presented any arrhythmia. All standard echocardiographic parameters (end-diastolic/systolic volumes indexed to body surface area both in M-mode and B-mode area length, allometric scaling, LA/Ao ratio and EPSS) were within normal ranges for published dog breed. STE parameters included longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain and strain rate, basal rotation and apical rotation, twist (net difference between apical and basal rotation) and torsion (net twist/ LV diastolic length). Great Danes puppies and adult had statistically different heart rate (177bpm vs 108bpm) and selected standard echocardiographic parameters (p<0.001). Circumferential and radial strain and strain rate and longitudinal strain rate were not different between the two groups, but longitudinal strain, net twist and torsion were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.001). In conclusion, our study identifies an age dependency effect on longitudinal strain values, twist and torsional mechcanics of the LV in Great Danes, which appears to reflect at least partially the maturation of the myocardial architecture, as already established in human pediatric cardiology.
Changes in the biomechanics of the left ventricle in healthy young and adult great danes / I. Spalla, S. Alonge, C. Locatelli, M. Melandri, P.G. Brambilla, M.C. Bussadori. - In: JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 1939-1676. - 29:4(2015 Jun), pp. C12.1143-C12.1144. ((Intervento presentato al convegno ACVIM Forum Research Abstract Program : June 3 –6 tenutosi a Indianapolis (USA) nel 2015 [10.1111/jvim.12609].
Changes in the biomechanics of the left ventricle in healthy young and adult great danes
I. SpallaPrimo
;S. AlongeSecondo
;C. Locatelli;P.G. BrambillaPenultimo
;
2015
Abstract
The helical ventricular myocardial band is the anatomic basis of left ventricular (LV) fiber architecture and has helped to redefine cardiac motion and function. Recently, the evaluation of myocardial motion can be quantified by means of non-invasive advanced echocardiography (speckle-tracking echocardiography-STE), which provides deformation (strain) and deformation rates (strain rate) in the longitudinal, circumferential and radial planes. LV twisting motion along the long axis is another important key feature in LV systolic function. In human cardiology there has been evidence of postnatal cardiac maturation of the myofibers as infants grow, with a difference in the contraction profiles of children and adults, both in strain/strain rate values and LV twist. We sought to evaluate the changes in the biomechanics of the left ventricle in a giant dog breed by performing standard and advanced echocardiography in 2 months old Great Dane puppies and in adult Great Danes older than 1 year. The population comprised 20 puppies and 14 adult Great Danes (mean age: 29 months). No dog presented cardiac murmur. Dogs older than one year of age underwent 24 hours Holter recording and no dog presented any arrhythmia. All standard echocardiographic parameters (end-diastolic/systolic volumes indexed to body surface area both in M-mode and B-mode area length, allometric scaling, LA/Ao ratio and EPSS) were within normal ranges for published dog breed. STE parameters included longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain and strain rate, basal rotation and apical rotation, twist (net difference between apical and basal rotation) and torsion (net twist/ LV diastolic length). Great Danes puppies and adult had statistically different heart rate (177bpm vs 108bpm) and selected standard echocardiographic parameters (p<0.001). Circumferential and radial strain and strain rate and longitudinal strain rate were not different between the two groups, but longitudinal strain, net twist and torsion were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.001). In conclusion, our study identifies an age dependency effect on longitudinal strain values, twist and torsional mechcanics of the LV in Great Danes, which appears to reflect at least partially the maturation of the myocardial architecture, as already established in human pediatric cardiology.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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