BACKGROUND: Several empirical studies have shown the attitude of smokers to formulate judgments based on distortion in the risk perception. This alteration is produced by the activation of the optimistic bias characterized by a set of the unrealistic beliefs compared to the outcomes of their behavior. This bias exposes individuals to adopt lifestyles potentially dangerous for their health, underestimate the risks and overestimate the immediate positive effects. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between optimistic bias and smoking habits. In particular, it was hypothesized that smokers develop optimistic illusions, able to facilitate the adoption and the maintenance over time of the unhealthy lifestyles, such as cigarette smoking, and the former smokers could acquire a belief system centered on own responsibility. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The samples (n = 633, female = 345, male = 288) composed of smokers (35.7%), ex-smokers (32.2%) and nonsmokers (32.1%). Each participant filled out two questionnaires including The Fagerstrom test and the motivational questionnaire as well as a set of items measured on a Likert scales to evaluate health beliefs. RESULTS: The results confirmed the presence of the optimistic bias in comparative judgments, and the attitude to overestimate the effectiveness of their preventive behaviors in the smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive bias in risk perception may influence health behaviors in negative way and reinforce cigarette smoking over the time. Future research should be conducted to identify the better strategies to overtake this cognitive bias to improve the quitting rate.
Personal fable: optimistic bias in cigarette smokers / M. Masiero, C. Lucchiari, G. Pravettoni. - In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH RISK BEHAVIORS AND ADDICTION. - ISSN 2251-8711. - 4:1(2015 Mar 20), pp. e20939.1-e20939.7. [10.5812/ijhrba.20939]
Personal fable: optimistic bias in cigarette smokers
M. Masiero;C. LucchiariSecondo
;G. PravettoniUltimo
2015
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Several empirical studies have shown the attitude of smokers to formulate judgments based on distortion in the risk perception. This alteration is produced by the activation of the optimistic bias characterized by a set of the unrealistic beliefs compared to the outcomes of their behavior. This bias exposes individuals to adopt lifestyles potentially dangerous for their health, underestimate the risks and overestimate the immediate positive effects. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between optimistic bias and smoking habits. In particular, it was hypothesized that smokers develop optimistic illusions, able to facilitate the adoption and the maintenance over time of the unhealthy lifestyles, such as cigarette smoking, and the former smokers could acquire a belief system centered on own responsibility. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The samples (n = 633, female = 345, male = 288) composed of smokers (35.7%), ex-smokers (32.2%) and nonsmokers (32.1%). Each participant filled out two questionnaires including The Fagerstrom test and the motivational questionnaire as well as a set of items measured on a Likert scales to evaluate health beliefs. RESULTS: The results confirmed the presence of the optimistic bias in comparative judgments, and the attitude to overestimate the effectiveness of their preventive behaviors in the smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive bias in risk perception may influence health behaviors in negative way and reinforce cigarette smoking over the time. Future research should be conducted to identify the better strategies to overtake this cognitive bias to improve the quitting rate.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
ijhrba-04-01-20939 personal fable.pdf
accesso riservato
Tipologia:
Publisher's version/PDF
Dimensione
203.73 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
203.73 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri Richiedi una copia |
Pubblicazioni consigliate
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.