A large body of evidence has demonstrated the existence of three paralogous genes for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the vertebrate lineage. A species-specific difference in the organisation of the GnRH system and the existence of three paralogous genes for GnRH (GnRH1, GnRH2 and GnRH3) has been widely demonstrated in teleosts as well as in vertebrates. During their evolution, the duplicated GnRH genes have acquired different functional specialisations: GnRH1 is responsible for regulating the reproductive endocrine system; although the precise physiological role of GnRH2 is still unclear, it is suggested that it acts as a neuromodulator; GnRH3 has also been implicated in the control of reproductive behaviour. The neurones synthesising GnRH1 and GnRH3 have retained similar distribution patterns to some extent in the brain of the teleost species. The biological/genetic characterisation of the three populations of neurones expressing the GnRH paralagous genes would, therefore, improve our knowledge on their evolution and functions. The authors of this paper describe the transcriptomic analysis and comparison among the three GnRH neuron types collected by laser captured single-cell microarray in a fish (medaka) that express the three GnRH genes. The approach is original, and the hypothesis to find genes differentially expressed in the three neuronal populations can be a promising tool for their further characterisation. The results indicate that at least five genes are uniquely expressed in GnRH1 (three genes), GnRH2 (one gene) and GnRH3 (one gene) medaka neurones. Three of them are unknown genes; the others code for a histone demetylase and for liprin-α3, a protein involved in trafficking and fusion of synaptic vesicles. Although the paper is descriptive, it gives preliminary indications on the possible differences in the gene profiling of the three GnRH neurones that need to be confirmed by quantitative gene expression and functional genotype/phenotype accurate analysis.
F1000Prime Recommendation of [Moriya S et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013] / R. Maggi. - (2013 May 30). [10.3410/f.718010247.793476757]
F1000Prime Recommendation of [Moriya S et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013]
R. Maggi
2013
Abstract
A large body of evidence has demonstrated the existence of three paralogous genes for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the vertebrate lineage. A species-specific difference in the organisation of the GnRH system and the existence of three paralogous genes for GnRH (GnRH1, GnRH2 and GnRH3) has been widely demonstrated in teleosts as well as in vertebrates. During their evolution, the duplicated GnRH genes have acquired different functional specialisations: GnRH1 is responsible for regulating the reproductive endocrine system; although the precise physiological role of GnRH2 is still unclear, it is suggested that it acts as a neuromodulator; GnRH3 has also been implicated in the control of reproductive behaviour. The neurones synthesising GnRH1 and GnRH3 have retained similar distribution patterns to some extent in the brain of the teleost species. The biological/genetic characterisation of the three populations of neurones expressing the GnRH paralagous genes would, therefore, improve our knowledge on their evolution and functions. The authors of this paper describe the transcriptomic analysis and comparison among the three GnRH neuron types collected by laser captured single-cell microarray in a fish (medaka) that express the three GnRH genes. The approach is original, and the hypothesis to find genes differentially expressed in the three neuronal populations can be a promising tool for their further characterisation. The results indicate that at least five genes are uniquely expressed in GnRH1 (three genes), GnRH2 (one gene) and GnRH3 (one gene) medaka neurones. Three of them are unknown genes; the others code for a histone demetylase and for liprin-α3, a protein involved in trafficking and fusion of synaptic vesicles. Although the paper is descriptive, it gives preliminary indications on the possible differences in the gene profiling of the three GnRH neurones that need to be confirmed by quantitative gene expression and functional genotype/phenotype accurate analysis.Pubblicazioni consigliate
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