Predictive Factors of Hyperlipidemia in HIV-Infected Subjects Receiving Lopinavir/Ritonavir

We studied 382 multiexperienced HIV-infected patients followed up for &rt;=3 mo after starting lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) to identify the factors predicting hypertriglyceridemia and high non-HDL cholesterol levels (triglycerides &rt;=200 mg/dL and/or non-HDL cholesterol &rt;=190 mg/dL) after 6 and 12 mo of LPV/r exposure. The predictors of hypertriglyceridemia were higher baseline triglyceride levels [OR: 2.28 (95% CI: 1.67-3.12) for each addnl. 100 mg/dL; p= 0.001], the total duration of antiretroviral treatment [OR: 1.26 (95% CI: 1.12-1.41) for each addnl. year; p= 0.01], CDC stage C (OR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.24-3.88; p= 0.02), and male gender (OR: 2.52; 95% CI: 1.42-4.74; p= 0.02); i.v. drug abusers seem less likely to develop the event (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.37-0.92; p= 0.03). The predictors of high non-HDL cholesterol levels were higher baseline levels [OR: 3.92 (95% CI: 1.92-6.24) for each addnl. 100 mg/dL; p= 0.001] and the combination of NRTIs and NNRTIs with LPV/r (OR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.10-3.69; p= 0.03). The 75 patients stopping LPV/r showed a significant redn. in median triglyceride and non-HDL cholesterol levels after 3 mo of 39 mg/dL and 20 mg/dL (p= 0.01 for both), resp. Patients with high triglyceride and non- HDL cholesterol levels at the start of LPV/r treatment are at higher risk of developing hyperlipidemia.