Trattamento combinato ortognatodonzia–implantologia in pazienti affetti da Displasia Ectodermica

The present work focuses on the clinical manifestations, classifications, diagnosis and treatment planning of Ectodermal Dysplasia. This is a hereditary disease characterized by a congenital dysplasia of one or more ectodermal structures and their accessory appendages. Common manifestation include defective hair follicles and eyebrows, frontal bossing with prominent supraorbital ridges, nasal bridge depression, and protuberant lips. Intraorally, common findings are anodontia or hypodontia, conical teeth, and, consequently, generalized spacing. The patient may suffer from dry skin, hyperthermia and unexplained high fever as a result of the deficiency of sweat glands. ED is usually into two types based on the number and function of the sweat glands: hypohidrotic, where the swat glands are absent or significantly decreased, and hidrotic, where the sweat glands are normal. The hypohidrotic type is considered more severe and is associated with heat intolerance, frequent high fevers, otolaryngological problems and more associated dental defects. Many specialists are guilty of treating the ED from an unidisciplinary point of view. This can lead to incomplete diagnostics, improper treatment planning, and compromised results. These genetic birth defects need a multidisciplinary approach that permits the synergism of each different discipline’s specialized expertise and skills into a comprehensive therapy that consistently delivers optimal patient care and optimize both functional and aestethical long term results. The ideal treatment plan is best achieved using a multidisciplinary approach. Orthodontics and osseointegrated implants can provide a treatment option that will result in major improvement in the quality and long-term prognosis of oral rehabilitation. By our experience, the psycologic effects of the surgical, orthodontic and proshodontic treatment provided were remarkable for a teenage individual who had suffered peer ridicule during the critical stages of personality development.